The Effects of Insect Extracts and Some Insect-Derived Compounds on the Settling Behavior of Liposcelis bostrychophila
The Effects of Insect Extracts and Some Insect-Derived Compounds on the Settling Behavior of Liposcelis bostrychophila
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昆虫提取物和一些昆虫衍生化合物对 Liposcelis bostrychophila 沉降行为的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s10886-009-9688-3
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
P. W. C. Green
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. W. C. Green
全书虱（Liposcelis bostrychophila）的提取物-依次在己烷和80%甲醇水溶液（80%MeOH）中提取-排斥同种。80%甲醇提取物的甲醇可溶部分（MFr）比其相应的水部分（WFr）或己烷提取物更排斥。MFr的驱避效果在1个月内不同场合制备的浸提液中可重复。气相色谱、质谱（GC-MS）分析表明，饱和（C16; C18）单烯酸（C16：1; C18：1）和二烯酸（C18：2）以及除C16：1和C18外的所有相应甲酯分别约占甲醇馏分和己烷浸提液中检出化合物的95%和30%。定性薄层色谱法表明，甲醇馏分和己烷提取物中存在胆固醇，并且还能够初步鉴定甲醇馏分中的三酰甘油和磷脂。小麦胚芽提取物，脱脂奶粉，活性酵母，全麦面粉。采用GC-MS分析了书虱饲料成分，检测到C16、C18：1和C18：2，表明C18和甲酯不能直接提取和/或它们是书虱代谢的产物。一种脂肪酸酰胺（硬脂酰胺），以前在L.没有检测到嗜卷蛾，因此与观察到的生物活性无关。纯脂肪酸和脂肪酸甲酯对L.除了棕榈酸和硬脂酸之外，在10 mM下，对bostrychophila的有效性进行了测定，这尤其表明饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的功效之间的差异。浓度<10 mM的影响不太显著，尽管棕榈油酸似乎对L. bostrychophila在0.1 mM。脂肪酸和脂肪酸甲酯的浓度远低于10 mM的排斥性甲醇馏分，表明已知的和尚未鉴定的化合物之间的相互作用是可能的。脂肪酸对红腹锦鸡儿生物学和行为学的意义。bostrychophila及其在陷阱和监测中的应用潜力进行了讨论。
Extracts of whole booklice (Liposcelis bostrychophila)—sequentially extracted in hexane and aqueous 80% methanol (80%MeOH)—repel conspecifics. A methanol-soluble fraction (MFr) of the 80% methanol extract was more repellent than either its corresponding water fraction (WFr) or the hexane extract. The repellent effect of the MFr was repeatable across extracts prepared on different occasions over a 1 month period. Gas chromatography, mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses showed that saturated (C16; C18) monoenoic (C16:1; C18:1) and a dienoic fatty acid (C18:2) and the corresponding methyl esters of all but C16:1 and C18 constituted approximately 95% and 30%, of the detected compounds in the methanol fractions and the hexane extract, respectively. Qualitative thin layer chromatography showed that cholesterol was present in methanol fractions and the hexane extract, and also enabled tentative identification of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in the methanol fractions. Extracts of wheatgerm, dried skimmed milk powder, active yeast, and wholemeal flour—L. bostrychophila dietary components—were analyzed by GC-MS, and C16, C18:1 and C18:2 were detected, indicating that C18 and the methyl esters were not directly extractable and/or that they were products of booklice metabolism. A fatty acid amide (stearamide) previously identified in cuticular extracts of L. bostrychophila was not detected, and therefore was not responsible for the observed biological activity. Pure fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters repelled settling of L. bostrychophila at 10 mM, with the exception of palmitic and stearic acids, indicating, among other things, a difference between the efficacy of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The effect of concentrations <10 mM was less significant, although palmiteoleic acid appeared to be attractive to L. bostrychophila at 0.1 mM. Fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters were at a much lower concentration than 10 mM in the repellent methanol fractions, indicating that an interaction between known and as yet unidentified compounds is likely. The significance of fatty acids in relation to the biology and behavior of L. bostrychophila and their potential for use in traps and monitoring are discussed.