Masen or Nai Desu -That is the question : A case study into Japanese conversational discourse
Masen or Nai Desu -That is the question : A case study into Japanese conversational discourse
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Masen 或 Nai Desu - 这就是问题：日语会话话语的案例研究
DOI：
10.1075/pbns.180.00mas
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Etsuko Fukushima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Uehara;Etsuko Fukushima
传统上，日语有两种不同的谓词形式，一种是礼貌的，另一种是平淡的。美国、Jorden和Noda(1987)在他们的教科书《日语口语》中，在表1中列出了动词、形容词和系词(名词)的屈折范例。应该注意的是，形容词和系词(而不是动词)有两种结构变体来表示礼貌否定形式。然而，对于两种礼貌否定形式之间的差异，Jorden和Noda在提到形容词范式中的这些形式时只注意到，与A-ku nai desu相比，A-ku arimasen形式更正式一些，在一些说话者看来，更优雅一些(1987：41)。两种新形式似乎最近加入了或正在出现在上面的动词范式中，即V-nai desu作为另一种礼貌否定非过去式，V-nakatta desu作为另一种礼貌否定过去式，从而产生了表2中的以下范例：与表1中的形容词和系词类似。
Traditionally, Japanese possesses two distinct sets of predicate forms, one for the polite level of speech and the other for the plain level. us, Jorden and Noda (1987), in their textbook, Japanese: e Spoken Language, list the following inflectional paradigms for Verbs, Adjectives and Copulas (Nouns) in Table 1. It should be noted that Adjectives and Copulas (but not Verbs) have two structural variants for their polite style negative forms. For differences between the two polite-style negative variants, however, Jorden and Noda only note, in referring to those forms in the Adjective paradigm, that A-ku arimasen forms, in comparison to A-ku nai desu, are “a bit more formal, and in the view of some speakers, are slightly more elegant”(1987: 41).Two new forms seem to have recently joined, or be emerging in, the Verbal paradigm above, namely, V-nai desu as another polite negative nonpast form, and V-nakatta desu as another polite negative past form, thus yielding for the Verbs the following paradigm in Table 2, analogous to those for Adjectives and Copulas in Table 1.