How Group Cohesion Promotes the Emergence of Cooperation in Public Goods Game Under Conditional Dissociation
How Group Cohesion Promotes the Emergence of Cooperation in Public Goods Game Under Conditional Dissociation
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条件解离下群体凝聚力如何促进公共物品博弈合作的出现
DOI：
10.18564/jasss.4070
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
The Anh Han
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qu Xinglong;Cao Zhingang;Yang Xiaoguang;The Anh Han
如果个人无法容忍有缺陷的伴侣，离开通常是一种选择。在双人游戏中，当一名玩家选择离开时，她和她的对手都成为单人玩家。然而，在多人游戏中，同样的决定可能会有不同的结果，这取决于群体凝聚力是否存在。选择不离开的球员，如果他们之间有凝聚力，仍然会团结在一起，而不是分散成一个人。考虑到这种差异，我们研究了公共物品博弈中的两种退出机制。第一种机制，一旦团队成员离开，所有玩家都是单身。在第二种情况下，我们假设群体凝聚力存在，即没有离开的成员形成一个联盟。在我们的模型中，每个参与者都采用一个触发策略，其特征在于一个阈值：如果她所在的组中的叛逃者数量超过阈值，她就会离开。我们发现，在这两种机制下，当个体的预期寿命足够长时，对背叛零容忍的合作者在进化中成功。此外，当群体中存在凝聚力时，合作会得到更好的促进，因为合作者有更高的机会一起玩。也就是说，群体凝聚力有助于积极的分类，从而促进合作。
Leaving is usually an option for individuals if they cannot tolerate their defective partners. In a two-player game, when a player chooses to leave, both she and her opponent become single players. However, in a multi-player game, the same decision may have different consequences depending on whether group cohesion exists. Players who choose not to leave would still be united together rather than be separated into singletons if there is cohesion among them. Considering this difference, we study two leaving mechanisms in public goods games. In the first mechanism, every player would be single once any of the group members leaves. In the second, we assume group cohesion exists that members who don't leave form a union. In our model, each player adopts a trigger strategy characterized by a threshold: she leaves if the number of defectors in her group exceeds the threshold. We find that under both mechanisms, when the expected lifespan of individuals is long enough, cooperators with zero tolerance toward defection succeed in the evolution. Moreover, when cohesion exists in groups, cooperation is better promoted because the cooperators have a higher chance to play together. That is, group cohesion facilitates positive assortment and therefore promotes cooperation.