Effects of maternal zinc supplementation on pregnancy and lactation outcomes
Effects of maternal zinc supplementation on pregnancy and lactation outcomes
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DOI：
10.1177/15648265090301s105
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
King, Janet C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hess, Sonja Y.;King, Janet C.
对人群的观察研究表明，母亲怀孕期间缺锌可能会对母亲和胎儿造成不良妊娠结局。因此，我们回顾了怀孕和哺乳期间补充锌（无论是否添加其他微量营养素）的研究的现有证据，以评估其对孕产妇、胎儿和婴儿健康的影响。补充试验的荟萃分析表明，补充锌的女性早产率降低了 14%。大多数研究发现，母亲补充锌对婴儿出生体重没有显着影响，但对体重不足或缺锌女性进行的部分研究表明，补充锌可能对此类女性产生积极影响。然而，相关研究的数量有限，需要更多信息来证实这些观察结果。其他妊娠结局的结果不一致，可用研究的数量也很少。同样，母亲在怀孕期间补充锌对婴儿产后生长和感染风险的影响也各不相同，而且可用的研究很少。因此，需要更多的研究才能得出明确的结论，特别是对于婴儿期后半段和儿童后期。研究发现，母亲补充锌不会对怀孕期间的铁状态产生不利影响。需要更多关于其他潜在不利影响的信息，特别是关于孕产妇原有锌状况可能产生的改变作用。考虑到补充锌对降低早产风险的可能益处、补充锌对营养不良妇女婴儿出生体重可能产生的积极影响，以及缺乏不良影响的报道，对于有缺锌风险的人群，在怀孕期间给予的孕产妇补充剂中应包含锌。
Observational studies in human populations suggest that maternal zinc deficiency during pregnancy may cause adverse pregnancy outcomes for the mother and fetus. Therefore, we reviewed the current evidence from studies of zinc supplementation, with or without other micronutrients, during pregnancy and lactation to assess its impact on maternal, fetal, and infant health.A meta-analysis of supplementation trials indicates a 14% reduction in premature delivery among zinc-supplemented women. Most studies found no significant impact of maternal zinc supplementation on infant birth-weight, but a subset of studies conducted in underweight or zinc-deficient women suggests that there may be a positive effect of zinc supplementation in such women. However, the number of relevant studies is limited, and more information is needed to confirm these observations. The results for other pregnancy outcomes are inconsistent, and the number of available studies is small. Likewise, the impact of maternal zinc supplementation during pregnancy on infant postnatal growth and risk of infection is variable, and few studies are available. Thus, more research will be needed to allow definitive conclusions to be drawn, especially for the second half of infancy and later childhood.Studies found no adverse effects of maternal zinc supplementation on iron status during pregnancy. More information is required on other potential adverse effects, particularly with regard to a possible modifying effect of preexisting maternal zinc status.In view of the possible benefits of zinc supplementation for reducing the risk of premature delivery, the possible positive impact of zinc supplementation on infant birth-weight among undernourished women, and the lack of reported adverse effects, zinc should be included in maternal supplements given during pregnancy in populations at risk for zinc deficiency.