Thermal Phase Transition and Rapid Degradation of Forever Chemicals (PFAS) in Spent Media Using Induction Heating
Thermal Phase Transition and Rapid Degradation of Forever Chemicals (PFAS) in Spent Media Using Induction Heating
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DOI：
10.1021/acsestengg.3c00114
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Feng Xiao;Pavankumar Challa Sasi;A. Alinezhad;Runze Sun;Mansurat Abdulmalik Ali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Feng Xiao;Pavankumar Challa Sasi;A. Alinezhad;Runze Sun;Mansurat Abdulmalik Ali
在这项研究中，我们开发了一种创新的热降解策略，用于处理含全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的固体材料。我们的策略满足三个标准：能够在短时间内实现 PFAS 几乎完全降解、非选择性和低能源成本。在我们的方法中，含有充满 PFAS 样品的金属反应器受到电磁感应作用，通过焦耳热效应促使反应器温度快速升高。我们证明，对这些化合物（包括顽固的短链 PFAS 和全氟烷基磺酸）进行短暂（例如 90%）的 PFAS（0.001–12 μmol）感应加热。这一发现促使我们利用热重分析和差示扫描量热法 (DSC) 对 PFAS 的热相变进行了详细研究。我们鉴定出阴离子、阳离子和两性离子 PFAS 的至少两个吸热 DSC 峰，表明熔化的 PFAS 的熔化和蒸发。许多 PFAS 的熔点和蒸发点都是首次报道。我们的数据表明，PFAS 热降解的限速步骤与不同时间尺度上发生的相变（例如蒸发）有关。当 PFAS 被快速加热到与感应加热过程中产生的温度相似时，熔化的 PFAS 的蒸发速度减慢，从而使熔化的 PFAS 降解。
In this study, we have developed an innovative thermal degradation strategy for treating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS)-containing solid materials. Our strategy satisfies three criteria: the ability to achieve near-complete degradation of PFASs within a short timescale, nonselectivity, and low energy cost. In our method, a metallic reactor containing a PFAS-laden sample was subjected to electromagnetic induction that prompted a rapid temperature rise of the reactor via the Joule heating effect. We demonstrated that subjecting PFASs (0.001–12 μmol) to induction heating for a brief duration (e.g., 90%) of these compounds, including recalcitrant short-chain PFASs and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids. This finding prompted us to conduct a detailed study of the thermal phase transitions of PFASs using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). We identified at least two endothermic DSC peaks for anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic PFASs, signifying the melting and evaporation of the melted PFASs. Melting and evaporation points of many PFASs were reported for the first time. Our data suggest that the rate-limiting step in PFAS thermal degradation is linked with phase transitions (e.g., evaporation) occurring on different time scales. When PFASs are rapidly heated to temperatures similar to those produced during induction heating, the evaporation of melted PFAS slows down, allowing for the degradation of the melted PFAS.