Perpetration of violence, violent victimization, and severe mental illness: Balancing public health concerns
Perpetration of violence, violent victimization, and severe mental illness: Balancing public health concerns
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DOI：
10.1176/ps.2008.59.2.153
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Abram, Karen M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Choe, Jeanne Y.;Teplin, Linda A.;Abram, Karen M.
目的：本综述分析了美国。S.自1990年以来发表的关于严重精神病患者实施暴力和遭受暴力伤害及其作为公共卫生问题的相对重要性的实证研究。研究方法：在MEDLINE、PsycINFO和Web of Science中搜索已发表的关于严重精神疾病患者中犯罪或受害的流行率或发生率的实证调查。如果报告了患有和不患有严重精神疾病的人的单独发病率，则包括对特殊人群的研究。结果：搜索产生了31项暴力犯罪研究和10项暴力受害研究。很少有人在同一样本中审查犯罪和受害情况。患病率因样本类型和时间范围（回忆期）而异。一半的犯罪研究调查了住院病人;其中，大约一半只抽样调查住院病人，他们的犯罪率（17%-50%）高于其他样本。在门诊病人中，2%至13%的人在过去六个月至三年内犯下暴力行为，而遭受暴力侵害的人占20%至34%。对门诊病人和住院病人进行的研究报告说，12%至22%的人在过去6至18个月内犯下了暴力行为，而在过去一年中有35%的人是受害者。结论：实施暴力和暴力伤害行为在严重精神疾病患者中比在一般人群中更为常见。受害是比犯罪更大的公共卫生问题。具有讽刺意味的是，该学科对住院患者犯罪行为的关注可能会助长负面刻板印象。
Objective: This review examined U. S. empirical studies published since 1990 of the perpetration of violence and of violent victimization among persons with severe mental illness and their relative importance as public health concerns. Methods: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched for published empirical investigations of recent prevalence or incidence of perpetration or victimization among persons with severe mental illness. Studies of special populations were included if separate rates were reported for persons with and without severe mental illness. Results: The search yielded 31 studies of violence perpetration and ten studies of violent victimization. Few examined perpetration and victimization in the same sample. Prevalence rates varied by sample type and time frame (recall period). Half of the studies of perpetration examined inpatients; of these, about half sampled only committed inpatients, whose rates of perpetration (17%-50%) were higher than those of other samples. Among outpatients, 2% to 13% had perpetrated violence in the past six months to three years, compared with 20% to 34% who had been violently victimized. Studies combining outpatients and inpatients reported that 12% to 22% had perpetrated violence in the past six to 18 months, compared with 35% who had been a victim in the past year. Conclusions: Perpetration of violence and violent victimization are more common among persons with severe mental illness than in the general population. Victimization is a greater public health concern than perpetration. Ironically, the discipline's focus on perpetration among inpatients may contribute to negative stereotypes.