Ontogeny of place learning in children as measured in the radial arm maze, Morris search task, and open field task.
Ontogeny of place learning in children as measured in the radial arm maze, Morris search task, and open field task.
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DOI：
10.1037//0735-7044.110.6.1205
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发表时间：
1996-12
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
W. Overman;Bobbi Jean Pate;Kim Moore;Andrea Peuster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Overman;Bobbi Jean Pate;Kim Moore;Andrea Peuster
对儿童和成人进行了三个地点学习任务的测试。7岁以下儿童在使用空间关系解决方案解决任务方面逊于年龄较大的被试，但所有年龄段的被试在使用简单刺激-奖赏关联(线索解决方案)解决任务方面表现出同等的熟练程度。在线索版本上的准确表现表明，无论是一般的反应要求还是庞大的测试环境，都不会使这些任务明显不适合幼儿。相反，认知需求的性质导致了不同年龄段的不同水平的表现。因为在动物研究中，这些测试的空间关系解决方案而不是线索解决方案需要成熟且未受损的内侧颞叶结构，因此结果表明，这些系统在人类大约7岁之前并未完全发育。
Children and adults were tested on 3 place learning tasks. Children under the age of 7 were inferior to older subjects in solving the tasks by using spatial relational solutions, but subjects of all ages were equally proficient in solving the task by using simple stimulus-reward associations (cued solutions). Accurate performance on the cued versions suggests that neither the general response demands nor the large size of testing environments rendered the tasks differentially inappropriate for young children. Instead, the nature of the cognitive demands were responsible for different levels of performance across the age groups. Because, in animal studies, spatial relational solutions but not cued solutions of these tests require mature and undamaged medial temporal lobe structures, the results suggest that these systems are not fully developed in humans before approximately 7 years of age.