A Critical Review of State-of-the-Art and Emerging Approaches to Identify Fracking-Derived Gases and Associated Contaminants in Aquifers.
A Critical Review of State-of-the-Art and Emerging Approaches to Identify Fracking-Derived Gases and Associated Contaminants in Aquifers.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.8b05807
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发表时间：
2018-12
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Jennifer C. McIntosh;M. Hendry;C. Ballentine;R. Haszeldine;Bernhard Mayer;Giuseppe Etiope;Martin Elsner-Ma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jennifer C. McIntosh;M. Hendry;C. Ballentine;R. Haszeldine;Bernhard Mayer;Giuseppe Etiope;Martin Elsner-Ma
在美国、加拿大和澳大利亚，大容量水力压裂（HVHF）被广泛应用于从页岩、煤或致密砂岩地层生产天然气和石油，并且被具有类似非常规能源资源的其他国家广泛考虑。在油井增产期间和之后，流体（天然气、含盐地层沃茨、石油、HVHF流体）的安全保留对于防止意外的环境污染和温室气体释放到大气中非常重要。在这里，我们批判性地回顾了最先进的技术和有前途的新方法，用于识别非常规储层的石油和天然气生产，以解决它们是否是逃逸甲烷和相关污染物进入浅含水层的来源。我们强调了未来的研究需求，并提出了一个分阶段的计划，从通用基线到高度具体的分析，为HVHF和非常规油气生产和影响评估研究提供信息。这些方法也可以应用于更广泛的地下勘探和开发问题（例如，地下水资源），或低碳能源替代品的新领域（例如，地下H2储存、核废料隔离、地质CO2封存）。
High-volume, hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) is widely applied for natural gas and oil production from shales, coals, or tight sandstone formations in the United States, Canada, and Australia, and is being widely considered by other countries with similar unconventional energy resources. Secure retention of fluids (natural gas, saline formation waters, oil, HVHF fluids) during and after well stimulation is important to prevent unintended environmental contamination, and release of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Here, we critically review state-of-the-art techniques and promising new approaches for identifying oil and gas production from unconventional reservoirs to resolve whether they are the source of fugitive methane and associated contaminants into shallow aquifers. We highlight future research needs and propose a phased program, from generic baseline to highly specific analyses, to inform HVHF and unconventional oil and gas production and impact assessment studies. These approaches may also be applied to broader subsurface exploration and development issues (e.g., groundwater resources), or new frontiers of low-carbon energy alternatives (e.g., subsurface H2 storage, nuclear waste isolation, geologic CO2 sequestration).