Distinct Expression of SLM2 Underlies Splicing-Dependent Trans-Synaptic Signaling of Neurexin Across GABAergic Neuron Subtypes

Distinct Expression of SLM2 Underlies Splicing-Dependent Trans-Synaptic Signaling of Neurexin Across GABAergic Neuron Subtypes
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SLM2 的独特表达是 GABA 能神经元亚型中 Neurexin 剪接依赖性跨突触信号传导的基础

DOI:
10.1007/s11064-021-03384-0
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
Iijima Takatoshi
Iijima Takatoshi
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sato Yuji;Iijima Yoko;Darwish Mohamed;Sato Tadayuki;Iijima Takatoshi

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哺乳动物大脑包含多种类型的神经元细胞,其具有复杂的组装和由不同基因程序编码的独特结构和功能特性。越来越多的证据表明,选择性剪接(AS)在转录组多样性和指定每种神经元细胞类型的突触特性中起着重要作用。然而,AS调节的机制以及它是否控制GABA能中间神经元的突触形成尚未完全阐明。在这里,我们显示的差异表达水平的Sam 68样分子2(SLM 2),一个主要的剪接调节neurexin(NRX),在GABA能神经元亚型和它的贡献GABA能突触规范。皮质SLM 2不仅在兴奋性神经元中强烈表达,而且在GABA能中间神经元的亚群中也强烈表达,特别是在源自晚出生的尾神经节隆起(GE)衍生细胞的VIP阳性神经元中。使用人工突触形成测定,我们发现含有GE的皮质与LRRTM 2形成强突触,LRRTM 2是NRX的可变剪接片段4(AS 4)(-)的跨突触受体。SLM 2敲低降低了NRX AS 4(-)亚型的表达,因此削弱了LRRTM 2诱导的突触形成。添加NRX AS 4(-)足以挽救SLM 2敲低神经元中LRRTM 2的突触形成。因此,我们的研究结果表明,SLM 2在修改特定群体的GABA能中间神经元的网络形成的新功能,并有助于更好地理解AS在调节突触特异性和神经元分子多样性中的作用。
The mammalian brain contains multiple types of neuronal cells with complex assemblies and distinct structural and functional properties encoded by divergent gene programs. There is increasing evidence that alternative splicing (AS) plays fundamental roles in transcriptomic diversity and specifying synaptic properties of each neuronal cell type. However, the mechanisms underlying AS regulation and whether it controls synapse formation across GABAergic interneurons have not been fully elucidated. Here we show the differential expression levels of Sam68-like molecule 2 (SLM2), a major splicing regulator of neurexin (NRX), in GABAergic neuronal subtypes and its contribution to GABAergic synapse specification. Cortical SLM2 is strongly expressed not only in excitatory neurons but also in a subpopulation of GABAergic interneurons, especially in VIP-positive neurons that are originated from late-born caudal ganglionic eminence (GE)- derived cells. Using artificial synapse formation assay, we found that GE containing cortices form a strong synapse with LRRTM2, a trans-synaptic receptor of the alternatively spliced segment 4 (AS4)(−) of NRX. SLM2 knock-down reduced the NRX AS4(−) isoform expression and hence weaken LRRTM2-induced synapse formation. The addition of NRX AS4(−) was sufficient to rescue the synaptic formation by LRRTM2 in SLM2 knock-down neurons. Thus, our findings suggest a novel function of SLM2 in modifying network formation of a specific population of GABAergic interneurons and contribute to a better understanding of the roles AS plays in regulating synapse specificity and neuronal molecular diversity.
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