Genomic Characterization Reveals Insights Into Patulin Biosynthesis and Pathogenicity in Penicillium Species
Genomic Characterization Reveals Insights Into Patulin Biosynthesis and Pathogenicity in Penicillium Species
复制标题
DOI：
10.1094/mpmi-12-14-0398-fi
复制
发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Tian, Shiping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Boqiang;Zong, Yuanyuan;Tian, Shiping
青霉菌是一种侵染全世界农作物的真菌病原体。与梨和柑橘的主要采后病原菌意大利疫霉和洋地疫霉不同，前者能够产生真菌毒素棒曲霉毒素，寄主范围更广。真菌病原菌寄主专一性的分子基础已成为近年来研究的热点。本报告提供了扩张青霉(33.52Mb)和意大利青霉(28.99Mb)的全基因组序列，并鉴定了青霉菌在基因组结构、重要致病性状和次生代谢物(SM)基因簇方面的差异。我们共鉴定了55个可能与次生代谢相关的基因簇，其中包括15个基因簇(命名为PePatA to pepato)，这些基因可能与扩展青霉棒曲霉的生物合成有关。功能研究证实，PePatl和PePatK在棒曲霉的生物合成中起关键作用，而棒曲霉的产生与其毒力无关。总体而言，膨胀假单胞菌含有更多的致病基因和SM基因簇，尤其是完整的棒曲霉毒素簇。这些发现为了解青霉菌棒曲霉素生物合成的分子网络和寄主专一性机制提供了重要信息。
Penicillium species are fungal pathogens that infect crop plants worldwide. P. expansum differs from P. italicum and P. digitatum, all major postharvest pathogens of pome and citrus, in that the former is able to produce the mycotoxin patulin and has a broader host range. The molecular basis of host-specificity of fungal pathogens has now become the focus of recent research. The present report provides the whole genome sequence of P. expansum (33.52 Mb) and P. italicum (28.99 Mb) and identifies differences in genome structure, important pathogenic characters, and secondary metabolite (SM) gene clusters in Penicillium species. We identified a total of 55 gene clusters potentially related to secondary metabolism, including a cluster of 15 genes (named PePatA to PePatO), that may be involved in patulin biosynthesis in P. expansum. Functional studies confirmed that PePatL and PePatK play crucial roles in the biosynthesis of patulin and that patulin production is not related to virulence of P. expansum. Collectively, P. expansum contains more pathogenic genes and SM gene clusters, in particular, an intact patulin cluster, than P. italicum or P. digitatum. These findings provide important information relevant to understanding the molecular network of patulin biosynthesis and mechanisms of host-specificity in Penicillium species.