Advances in molecular imaging: targeted optical contrast agents for cancer diagnostics.
Advances in molecular imaging: targeted optical contrast agents for cancer diagnostics.
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DOI：
10.2217/nnm.12.12
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发表时间：
2012-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Richards-Kortum R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hellebust A;Richards-Kortum R
在过去的三十年里，我们对与癌症发生和发展相关的分子变化的理解有了很大的进步。这导致了针对特定分子途径的新的癌症治疗方法；这种疗法在降低死亡率方面显示出巨大的希望，部分原因是它使医生能够根据肿瘤的分子特征为患者量身定制治疗方案。不幸的是，明确的癌症诊断工具——用非特异性染料染色的活检组织的光镜检查——仍然集中在离体组织的分析上。迫切需要新的临床工具来支持癌症的分子诊断。光学分子成像技术正在兴起，以帮助满足这一需求。靶向性、光学活性造影剂可以特异性标记癌症细胞外和细胞内的生物标志物。光学图像可以实时获得具有高空间分辨率的图像特定分子目标，同时仍然提供形态学背景。本文综述了光学分子成像的最新进展，重点介绍了提高癌症早期检测、指导靶向治疗选择和快速评估治疗效果所需的技术进展。
Over the last three decades, our understanding of the molecular changes associated with cancer development and progression has advanced greatly. This has led to new cancer therapeutics targeted against specific molecular pathways; such therapies show great promise to reduce mortality, in part by enabling physicians to tailor therapy for patients based on a molecular profile of their tumor. Unfortunately, the tools for definitive cancer diagnosis – light microscopic examination of biopsied tissue stained with nonspecific dyes – remain focused on the analysis of tissue ex vivo. There is an important need for new clinical tools to support the molecular diagnosis of cancer. Optical molecular imaging is emerging as a technique to help meet this need. Targeted, optically active contrast agents can specifically label extra-and intracellular biomarkers of cancer. Optical images can be acquired in real time with high spatial resolution to image-specific molecular targets, while still providing morphologic context. This article reviews recent advances in optical molecular imaging, highlighting the advances in technology required to improve early cancer detection, guide selection of targeted therapy and rapidly evaluate therapeutic efficacy.