Influences on Dietary Choices during Day versus Night Shift in Shift Workers: A Mixed Methods Study.
Influences on Dietary Choices during Day versus Night Shift in Shift Workers: A Mixed Methods Study.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu9030193
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发表时间：
2017-02-26
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Bonham MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonnell EK;Huggins CE;Huggins CT;McCaffrey TA;Palermo C;Bonham MP
倒班工作与饮食相关的慢性疾病，如肥胖和心血管疾病有关。本研究旨在探讨影响轮班工人食物选择和饮食摄入的因素。一个固定的混合方法研究设计进行了一个方便的样本消防员谁不断工作轮换花名册。进行了六个焦点小组（n = 41），以确定影响工作时饮食摄入的因素。采用重复24小时饮食回顾法评估膳食摄入量（n = 19）。采访录音，逐字抄录，并使用专题分析进行解释。膳食数据输入FoodWorks，使用Wilcoxon符号秩检验进行分析；P < 0.05被认为是显著的。专题分析强调了影响饮食摄入的四个关键主题：轮班安排；同事的态度和决定；时间和可及性；以及食物和健康之间关系的知识。参与者报告说，在夜班期间，他们会随意食用更多的食物，而且健康食品的选择有限。能量摄入（千焦/天）在包括白班和夜班的日子之间没有差异，但与白班相比，夜班观察到更高的能量密度（千焦/克/天）。这项研究已经确定了一些与轮班相关的饮食特定因素，这些因素可能导致轮班工作人群中不健康行为的增加。鉴于患慢性病的风险增加，有必要进行组织变革，以支持这种环境下的工人。
Shift work is associated with diet-related chronic conditions such as obesity and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to explore factors influencing food choice and dietary intake in shift workers. A fixed mixed method study design was undertaken on a convenience sample of firefighters who continually work a rotating roster. Six focus groups (n = 41) were conducted to establish factors affecting dietary intake whilst at work. Dietary intake was assessed using repeated 24 h dietary recalls (n = 19). Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and interpreted using thematic analysis. Dietary data were entered into FoodWorks and analysed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test; p < 0.05 was considered significant. Thematic analysis highlighted four key themes influencing dietary intake: shift schedule; attitudes and decisions of co-workers; time and accessibility; and knowledge of the relationship between food and health. Participants reported consuming more discretionary foods and limited availability of healthy food choices on night shift. Energy intakes (kJ/day) did not differ between days that included a day or night shift but greater energy density (EDenergy, kJ/g/day) of the diet was observed on night shift compared with day shift. This study has identified a number of dietary-specific shift-related factors that may contribute to an increase in unhealthy behaviours in a shift-working population. Given the increased risk of developing chronic diseases, organisational change to support workers in this environment is warranted.