CLIMATOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE RAINFALL CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH LANDSLIDES IN WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA
CLIMATOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE RAINFALL CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH LANDSLIDES IN WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA
复制标题
DOI：
10.2747/0272-3646.29.4.289
复制
发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Band, Lawrence E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuhrmann, Christopher M.;Konrad, Charles E., II;Band, Lawrence E.
滑坡是北卡罗来纳州山区的重大危险。虽然以前的研究已经估计了可能引发山体滑坡的临界瞬时降雨率，但对与山体滑坡相关的降雨事件的气候学知之甚少。1950 - 2004年北卡罗来纳州西部滑坡事件的降雨气候学研究分两部分。首先，两天的并发和累积的先行（从4到90天前的斜坡运动）降雨总量进行气候评估，他们相对于在北卡罗来纳州西部观察到的所有强降水事件在55年的时间内。其次，负责与每个滑坡事件的降雨的风暴类型确定使用手动天气图分类方案。百分之四十七（47%）的滑坡事件与同期降雨总量超过一年的重现期。在这些个案中，约有一半的豪雨是与经过该区的热带气旋有关。与滑坡事件有关的其他主要风暴类型（即，与热带气旋相比，天气和气旋类事件的降雨强度一般较低，持续时间较长。滑坡活动显示出最强的关系与前期降水总量超过90天的时间内，这是最长的时间段研究。在许多情况下，一个热带气旋在滑坡发生前30至90天在滑坡地点造成了暴雨。
Landslides are a significant hazard in the mountains of North Carolina. While previous studies have estimated the critical instantaneous rainfall rates that may trigger a landslide, very little is known about the climatology of rainfall events associated with landslides. The rainfall climatology of a sample of landslide events in western North Carolina from 1950 to 2004 is presented in two parts. First, the two-day concurrent and cumulative antecedent (from 4 to 90 days prior to slope movement) rainfall totals are assessed climatologically by ranking them relative to all heavy precipitation events observed in western North Carolina over a 55-year period. Second, the storm types responsible for the rainfall associated with each landslide event are determined using a manual weather map classification scheme. Forty-seven percent (47%) of the landslide events are connected with concurrent rainfall totals that exceed a one-year return period. in almost half of these cases, the heavy rainfall is associated with a tropical cyclone passing through the region. The other major storm types connected with landslide events (i.e., synoptic and cyclonic-type events) generally display lower rainfall intensities and longer durations compared to tropical cyclones. Landslide activity shows the strongest relationship with antecedent precipitation totals over a 90-day period, which is the longest time period examined in the study. in many cases, a tropical cyclone produced heavy rainfall over the landslide location between 30 and 90 days before the event.