Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Distilling the Neural Correlates of Consciousness
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Distilling the Neural Correlates of Consciousness
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通讯作者：
Jaan Aru;T. Bachmann;Wolf Singer;Lucia Melloni
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作者：
Jaan Aru;T. Bachmann;Wolf Singer;Lucia Melloni
解决意识问题仍然是现代科学面临的最大挑战之一。理解意识的一个关键步骤是根据经验缩小与特定内容的主观体验相关的神经过程。为了解开这些意识的神经关联（NCC），常见的科学策略是比较存在特定内容的意识的知觉条件与不存在特定内容的意识的知觉条件，并确定大脑活动测量的差异（所谓的“对比分析”）。然而，这种比较似乎并没有完全揭示 NCC，因为 NCC 本身可能与特定内容的有意识处理的先决条件和后果相混淆。这意味着以前的结果不能明确地解释为反映了意识体验的神经相关性。在这里，我们回顾了支持这一猜想的证据，并提出了实验策略，将 NCC 与意识体验的先决条件和后果分开，以便进一步发展其他有效且有价值的对比方法。根据 CC BY-NC-ND 许可开放访问。根据 CC BY-NC-ND 许可开放访问。
Solving the problem of consciousness remains one of the biggest challenges in modern science. One key step towards understanding consciousness is to empirically narrow down neural processes associated with the subjective experience of a particular content. To unravel these neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) a common scientific strategy is to compare perceptual conditions in which consciousness of a particular content is present with those in which it is absent, and to determine differences in measures of brain activity (the so called " contrastive analysis "). However, this comparison appears not to reveal exclusively the NCC, as the NCC proper can be confounded with prerequisites for and consequences of conscious processing of the particular content. This implies that previous results cannot be unequivocally interpreted as reflecting the neural correlates of conscious experience. Here we review evidence supporting this conjecture and suggest experimental strategies to untangle the NCC from the prerequisites and consequences of conscious experience in order to further develop the otherwise valid and valuable contrastive methodology. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.