Peyer's patches and M cells as potential sites of the inflammatory onset in Crohn's disease
Peyer's patches and M cells as potential sites of the inflammatory onset in Crohn's disease
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1326.028
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Soderholm, Johan D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gullberg, Elisabet;Soderholm, Johan D.
临床观察表明，回肠克罗恩病(CD)的初始炎症部位为淋巴滤泡，其中腺样病变起源于滤泡相关上皮(FAE)的微小侵蚀。淋巴滤泡和Peyer‘s Patches(PPS)由多个B细胞滤泡组成，中间有T细胞区。T细胞滤泡区也分布着树突状细胞(DC)和巨噬细胞。覆盖每个毛囊的单层上皮细胞在周围的绒毛之间形成一个圆顶。这种FAE与正常的绒毛上皮在几个方面不同，这使得FAE的上皮细胞更容易接触管腔内容物，更容易接触抗原，并与免疫系统更紧密地接触。最突出的特征是存在专门的M细胞，它们优化了抗原的黏附和运输。M细胞在肠腔的监测中起着重要的作用，但也为各种病原体提供了进入的途径。本文就人类FAE的上皮表型以及FAE和M细胞在肠道炎症中的变化进行综述，从而提出FAE和M细胞在CD发病机制中的作用假说。
Clinical observations suggest that the sites of initial inflammation in ileal Crohn's disease (CD) are the lymphoid follicles, where the aphtoid lesions originate from small erosions of the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). Lymphoid follicles and Peyer's patches (PPs) consist of a number of B-cell follicles with intervening T cell areas. The T cell follicular area is also populated by dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. A single layer of epithelial cells covering each follicle forms a dome between the surrounding villi. This FAE differs from normal villus epithelium in several ways that make the epithelial cells of the FAE more exposed to the luminal contents, more accessible to antigens, and in closer contact with the immune system. The most prominent feature is the presence of specialized M cells, which are optimized for antigen adherence and transport. M cells play an important role in the surveillance of the intestinal lumen, but also provide a route of entry for various pathogens. In this article we review the current knowledge on the epithelial phenotype of the human FAE, and changes of the FAE and M cells in intestinal inflammation, leading to a hypothesis of the role of the FAE and M cells in the pathogenesis of CD.