Prenatal cannabinoid exposure and altered neurotransmission.
Prenatal cannabinoid exposure and altered neurotransmission.
复制标题
产前大麻素暴露和神经传递改变。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.018
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Reed,MirandaN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pinky,PriyankaD;Bloemer,Jenna;Smith,WarrenD;Moore,Timothy;Hong,Hao;Suppiramaniam,Vishnu;Reed,MirandaN
大麻是全世界最常用的非法药物之一。此外，合成大麻素的使用正在增加，特别是在青少年和年轻人中。尽管人类研究表明，怀孕期间使用大麻会导致不良行为影响，例如受影响后代的注意力和执行功能不足，但孕妇使用大麻的比例正在稳步上升。人类行为的各个方面，包括情感，学习和记忆，都依赖于多种神经递质系统之间的复杂相互作用，这些系统在发育期间特别容易受到改变。因此，探索产前大麻素暴露引起的神经递质变化对于了解怀孕期间滥用大麻或其他合成大麻素后体内平衡失衡和各种长期神经行为缺陷的表现至关重要。目前的文献证实，产前大麻素暴露后，神经递质系统存在巨大的变化，大脑中的许多变化是区域特异性的，时间依赖性的，性二态性的。在这篇综述中，我们的目标是提供一个总结，观察到的变化，各种神经递质系统在怀孕期间暴露于大麻素，并绘制可能的相关性报告的行为改变受影响的后代。
Marijuana is one of the most commonly used illicit drugs worldwide. In addition, use of synthetic cannabinoids is increasing, especially among adolescents and young adults. Although human studies have shown that the use of marijuana during pregnancy leads to adverse behavioral effects, such as deficiencies in attention and executive function in affected offspring, the rate of marijuana use among pregnant women is steadily increasing. Various aspects of human behavior including emotion, learning, and memory are dependent on complex interactions between multiple neurotransmitter systems that are especially vulnerable to alterations during the developmental period. Thus, exploration of neurotransmitter changes in response to prenatal cannabinoid exposure is crucial to develop an understanding of how homeostatic imbalance and various long-term neurobehavioral deficits manifest following the abuse of marijuana or other synthetic cannabinoids during pregnancy. Current literature confirms that vast alterations to neurotransmitter systems are present following prenatal cannabinoid exposure, and many of these alterations within the brain are region specific, time-dependent, and sexually dimorphic. In this review, we aim to provide a summary of observed changes to various neurotransmitter systems following cannabinoid exposure during pregnancy and to draw possible correlations to reported behavioral alterations in affected offspring.