Alterations of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Calcium Signaling Molecular Components in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alterations of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Calcium Signaling Molecular Components in Alzheimer's Disease.
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DOI:
10.3390/cells9122577
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发表时间:
2020-12-01
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Checler F
Checler F
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chami M;Checler F

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细胞内钙(Ca 2+)进入和清除的持续不平衡改变了细胞的完整性,最终导致细胞内稳态不平衡和细胞死亡。阿尔茨海默病(AD)是痴呆症最常见的原因。除了与AD相关的毒性淀粉样蛋白β(Aβ)和过度磷酸化tau(p-tau)相关的主要病理学特征外,一些研究表明AD发生中Ca 2+处理改变的作用。这些研究记录了Aβ与位于质膜或细胞内细胞器(包括内质网(ER),被认为是主要的细胞内Ca 2+池)中的几种Ca 2+处理蛋白的物理或功能相互作用。在这篇综述中,我们描述了可能导致AD的ER Ca 2+失调的细胞成分。这些包括肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸受体(IP 3Rs)和兰尼碱受体(RyRs)表达和功能的改变、肌质内质网Ca ~(2+)ATP酶(SERCA)活性的功能障碍及其截短亚型(S1 T)的上调以及早老素(PS1、PS2)介导的ER Ca ~(2+)泄漏/ER Ca ~(2+)释放增强。最后,我们强调了这些ER Ca 2+组分在AD病理学中改变的功能后果,并揭示了靶向ER Ca 2+稳态作为缓解AD发病机制的工具的潜在益处。
Sustained imbalance in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) entry and clearance alters cellular integrity, ultimately leading to cellular homeostasis disequilibrium and cell death. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Beside the major pathological features associated with AD-linked toxic amyloid beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau), several studies suggested the contribution of altered Ca2+ handling in AD development. These studies documented physical or functional interactions of Aβ with several Ca2+ handling proteins located either at the plasma membrane or in intracellular organelles including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), considered the major intracellular Ca2+ pool. In this review, we describe the cellular components of ER Ca2+ dysregulations likely responsible for AD. These include alterations of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors’ (IP3Rs) and ryanodine receptors’ (RyRs) expression and function, dysfunction of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) activity and upregulation of its truncated isoform (S1T), as well as presenilin (PS1, PS2)-mediated ER Ca2+ leak/ER Ca2+ release potentiation. Finally, we highlight the functional consequences of alterations of these ER Ca2+ components in AD pathology and unravel the potential benefit of targeting ER Ca2+ homeostasis as a tool to alleviate AD pathogenesis.
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