HIGHLY REPETITIVE COMPONENT-ALPHA AND RELATED ALPHOID DNAS IN MAN AND MONKEYS
HIGHLY REPETITIVE COMPONENT-ALPHA AND RELATED ALPHOID DNAS IN MAN AND MONKEYS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00292688
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
MAIO, JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MUSICH, PR;BROWN, FL;MAIO, JJ
旧大陆、新大陆和原猿灵长类动物的基因组包含一大类高度重复的 DNA 成员，这些 DNA 彼此相关并与成分 .alpha 相关。非洲绿猴 [Cercopithecus aethiops] 的 DNA 序列同源性和限制性位点周期性。这类高度重复的DNA的成员被称为alphoid DNA，以原型成员、组分α命名。非洲绿猴的DNA，这是第一个被识别的DNA（Maio，1971）和测序（Rosenberg 等，1978）。 alphoid DNA 似乎是灵长类动物特有的序列。根据不同严格条件下的限制酶切割模式和Southern印迹杂交，α类DNA包含与组分α表现出不同程度的同源性的多个序列家族。脱氧核糖核酸。它们在限制性位点周期性（172.n 碱基对）、重复单元的长程组织以及在 CsCl 和 Cs2SO4 浮力密度梯度中的显带行为方面也有共同的元素，其中它们作为隐藏的重复成分在大量 DNA 中显带。在 3 种中。在所检测的猴科中，α类 DNA 代表了最丰富的串联重复序列成分，包括约 24% 的非洲绿猴基因组和 8-10% 的恒河猴 [Macaca mulatta] 和狒狒基因组。在限制性消化中，Cercopithecidae 中的大部分 alphoid DNA 在数量上似乎减少为基于 172 个碱基对 (bp) 重复的一系列简单的算术片段。与这些简单的限制性模式相反，当用限制性酶切割人类 alphoid DNA 时，观察到复杂的模式。详细分析表明，人类基因组包含多个α类序列家族，这些序列家族在重复序列组织和与非洲绿猴组分α的同源性方面都彼此不同。脱氧核糖核酸。在其他旧大陆灵长类家族、新大陆猴和原猴灵长类动物中发现的α基因序列证明了这些序列在灵长类动物进化中的古老性以及一大类哺乳动物高度重复DNA的序列保守性。这些序列表现出的相对保守性可以将α类DNA与最近进化的高度重复成分和卫星DNA区分开来，后者具有更严格的分类分布。
The genomes of Old World, New World, and prosimian primates contain members of a large class of highly repetitive DNA that are related to one another and to component .alpha. DNA of the African green monkey [Cercopithecus aethiops] by their sequence homologies and restriction site periodicities. The members of this class of highly repetitive DNAs are termed the alphoid DNAs, after the prototypical member, component .alpha. of the African green monkey which was the first such DNA to be identified (Maio, 1971) and sequenced (Rosenberg et al., 1978). The alphoid DNAs appear to be uniquely primate sequences. From the restriction enzyme cleavage patterns and Southern blot hybridizations under different stringency conditions, the alphoid DNAs comprise multiple sequence families exhibiting varying degrees of homology to component .alpha. DNA. They also share common elements in their restriction site periodicities (172.n base-pairs), in the long-range organization of their repeating units, and in their banding behavior in CsCl and Cs2SO4 buoyant density gradients, in which they band within the bulk DNA as cryptic repetitive components. In the 3 spp. from the family Cercopithecidae examined, the alphoid DNAs represent the most abundant, tandemly repetitive sequence components, comprising about 24% of the African green monkey genome and 8-10% of the Rhesus monkey [Macaca mulatta] and baboon genomes. In restriction digests, the bulk of the alphoid DNAs among the Cercopithecidae appeared quantitatively reduced to a simple series of arithmetic segments based on a 172 base-pair (bp) repeat. In contrast with these simple restriction patterns, complex patterns were observed when human alphoid DNAs were cleaved with restriction enzymes. Detailed analysis revealed that the human genome contains multiple alphoid sequence families which differ from one another both in their repeat sequence organization and in their degree of homology to the African green monkey component .alpha. DNA. The finding of alphoid sequences in other Old World primate families, in a New World monkey, and in a prosimian primate attests to the antiquity of these sequences in primate evolution and to the sequence conservatism of a large class of mammalian highly repetitive DNA. The relative conservatism exhibited by these sequences may distinguish the alphoid DNAs from more recently evolved highly repetitive components and satellite DNAs which have a more restricted taxonomical distribution.