RADIOCARBON DATING OF INDIVIDUAL AMINO ACIDS FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL BONE COLLAGEN
RADIOCARBON DATING OF INDIVIDUAL AMINO ACIDS FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL BONE COLLAGEN
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033822200045653
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Hedges, Robert E. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McCullagh, James S. O.;Marom, Anat;Hedges, Robert E. M.
自20世纪70年代末用于放射性碳测年的加速器质谱（AMS）发展以来，其对小样本骨骼测年的能力在考古学和第四纪古生态学中具有巨大的重要性。传统的样品制备方法是提取和糊化蛋白质，然后燃烧和石墨化进行分析。然而，这种“大量蛋白质”可能含有非胶原分子的异质混合物，包括胡萝卜酸和其他土壤成分，这些成分可能与骨骼的年龄不同，因此影响其（14）C日期的准确性。样品预处理方法是近年来发展的一个重要领域，但对于严重污染的骨的测年仍然存在不足。自20世纪60年代以来，分离和测定单个化合物（如单一氨基酸）的想法一直在文献中讨论，以提高测年的准确性。例如，羟脯氨酸占骨胶原蛋白的10%以上，但在大多数其他动物蛋白中极为罕见，这增加了其存在的可能性是被约会的个体内源性的。因此，它的成功分离被认为是确定考古骨骼年代的潜在“金标准”;然而，从骨骼中提取和适当纯化单一氨基酸已被证明是一项具有挑战性的任务。
Since the development of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for radiocarbon dating in the late 1970s, its ability to date small samples of bone has been of huge importance in archaeology and Quaternary paleoecology. The conventional approach to sample preparation has been to extract and gelatinize protein, which is then combusted and graphitized for analysis. However, this "bulk protein" can contain a heterogeneous mixture of non-collagenous molecules, including htunic acids and other soil components that may be of a different age than the bone and therefore affect the accuracy of its (14)C date. Sample pretreatment methods have been an important area of development in recent years but still show inadequacies for the dating of severely contaminated bone. The idea of isolating and dating individual compounds such as single amino acids, to improve dating accuracy, has been discussed in the literature since the 1960s. Hydroxyproline, for example, makes up over 10% of bone collagen but is extremely rare in most other animal proteins, increasing the chances of its presence being endogenous to the individual being dated. Its successful isolation has therefore been considered a potential "gold standard" for dating archaeological bone; however, extracting and suitably purifying single amino acids from bone has proved a challenging task.