Short-term retention of lexical-semantic representations: Implications for speech production
Short-term retention of lexical-semantic representations: Implications for speech production
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DOI：
10.1080/09658210143000173
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Freedman, ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin, RC;Freedman, ML
语义STM缺陷患者在理解需要在整合到更高层次命题之前保留几个词汇语义表征的句子时存在困难（Martin, 1995; Martin & Romani, 1994）。在实验1中，语义保留缺陷患者在言语生成中出现同类型的结构困难，即带有一个或两个前名形容词的名词短语。当他们能够以句子形式生成名词和形容词时，他们的表现有所提高，这对词汇语义保留的要求更小。在实验2中，这些患者比具有相同实词数量的名词前形容词短语能够更好地生成句法复杂句，这表明实验1中的结果不能归因于句法复杂性。在实验1和实验2中，这些患者在句子结构中产生了更多的停顿，这表明这些停顿产生的时间是不正常的。相比之下，语音保留缺陷的EA患者在AN短语上的表现优于语义保留缺陷的患者，尽管他们的STM广度较小。与短语结构相比，她在造句子方面没有表现出明显的好处，而且停顿也比其他病人少、短。这些发现支持了言语工作记忆的多容量观点，并表明语言理解中使用的语义保留能力同样适用于言语产生。
Patients with semantic STM deficits have difficulty comprehending sentences that require the retention of several lexical-semantic representations prior to their integration into higher-level propositions (Martin, 1995; Martin & Romani, 1994). In Experiment 1, patients with a semantic retention deficit had difficulty with the same type of constructions in speech production, namely noun phrases with one or two pre-nominal adjectives. Their performance improved when they could produce the nouns and adjectives in sentence form, which placed smaller demands on lexical-semantic retention. In Experiment 2 these patients were better able to produce syntactically complex sentences than the pre-nominal adjective phrases having an equal number of content words, indicating that the findings in Experiment 1 could not be attributed to syntactic complexity. These patients produced more pauses in the sentence constructions in Experiments 1 and 2, suggesting that the timing of such productions is abnormal. In contrast, patient EA, with a phonological retention deficit, performed better than the patients with a semantic retention deficit on the AN phrases despite having a smaller STM span. She showed no significant benefit of producing sentence compared to phrase constructions, and also made fewer and shorter pauses than the other patients. These findings support the multiple capacities view of verbal working memory and suggest that the same semantic retention capacity used in language comprehension is used in speech production.