Local dispersal promotes biodiversity in a real-life game of rock-paper-scissors
Local dispersal promotes biodiversity in a real-life game of rock-paper-scissors
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DOI：
10.1038/nature00823
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发表时间：
2002-07-11
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Bohannan, BJM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kerr, B;Riley, MA;Bohannan, BJM
生态学的核心目标之一是确定维持生物多样性的机制（1，2）。许多理论模型表明，如果生态过程，如扩散，运动和相互作用发生在小的空间尺度上，竞争物种可以共存（1-10）。特别是，这可能是非传递社区的情况下，即那些没有严格的竞争层次（3，6，8，11）。经典的非传递系统涉及一个由三个相互竞争的物种组成的社区，它们之间的关系类似于儿童游戏石头剪刀布，石头压碎剪刀，剪刀剪布，布覆盖石头。这种关系已经在几个自然系统中得到证明（12-14）。一些模型预测，当地的相互作用和扩散足以确保所有三个物种在这样一个社区的共存，而当生态过程发生在更大的规模（6，8）失去多样性。在这里，我们测试这些预测经验使用非传递模型社区包含三个人口的大肠杆菌。我们发现，在我们的实验社区的分散和相互作用发生在相对较大的空间尺度上时，多样性迅速丧失，而所有的人口共存时，生态过程是本地化的。
One of the central aims of ecology is to identify mechanisms that maintain biodiversity(1,2). Numerous theoretical models have shown that competing species can coexist if ecological processes such as dispersal, movement, and interaction occur over small spatial scales(1-10). In particular, this may be the case for nontransitive communities, that is, those without strict competitive hierarchies(3,6,8,11). The classic non-transitive system involves a community of three competing species satisfying a relationship similar to the children's game rock-paper-scissors, where rock crushes scissors, scissors cuts paper, and paper covers rock. Such relationships have been demonstrated in several natural systems(12-14). Some models predict that local interaction and dispersal are sufficient to ensure coexistence of all three species in such a community, whereas diversity is lost when ecological processes occur over larger scales(6,8). Here, we test these predictions empirically using a non-transitive model community containing three populations of Escherichia coli. We find that diversity is rapidly lost in our experimental community when dispersal and interaction occur over relatively large spatial scales, whereas all populations coexist when ecological processes are localized.