Population-Adjusted Egalitarianism
Population-Adjusted Egalitarianism
复制标题
人口调整的平均主义
DOI：
10.31235/osf.io/ydg3f
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Stéphane Zuber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stéphane Zuber
平等主义注重最贫困者的福祉。它在经济理论中引起了很多关注，例如在处理资源的可持续跨期分配时。经济学理论通过最大化最小化和列克希明标准将平均主义形式化，但在人口规模可能发生变化的情况下，如何应用这些标准尚不清楚。在本文中，我提出了可能的理由时，考虑人口规模可变的平均主义。然后，我提出了新版本的平等主义，其中包括许多关于如何权衡人口规模和福祉的观点。我讨论了平均主义对最优人口规模的一些影响。我首先描述人口伦理观点如何影响人口增长。在一个自然资源模型中，我证明了功利主义总是建议在资源水平较低的情况下增加人口，但这一结论在资源水平较高的情况下可能不成立。
Egalitarianism focuses on the well-being of the worst-off person. It has attracted a lot of attention in economic theory, for instance when dealing with the sustainable intertemporal allocation of resources. Economic theory has formalized egalitarianism through the Maximin and Leximin criteria, but it is not clear how they should be applied when population size may vary. In this paper, I present possible justifications of egalitarianism when considering populations with variable sizes. I then propose new versions of egalitarianism that encompass many views on how to trade-off population size and well-being. I discuss some implications of egalitarianism for optimal population size. I first describe how population ethical views affects population growth. In a model with natural resources, I then show that utilitarianism always recommend a larger population for low levels of resources, but that this conclusion may not hold true for larger levels.