Native Americans experienced a strong population bottleneck coincident with European contact
Native Americans experienced a strong population bottleneck coincident with European contact
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1112563108
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发表时间：
2011-12-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Fehren-Schmitz, Lars
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Fallon, Brendan D.;Fehren-Schmitz, Lars
欧洲人与美洲原住民的接触对基因和人口结构的影响尚不清楚，尽管最近有兴趣。虽然考古和历史记录表明，欧洲人的接触导致了来自各种来源的广泛死亡，但基因研究几乎没有发现美洲原住民人口数量最近收缩的证据。在这项研究中，我们使用一个包括古代和当代线粒体DNA的大型数据集来构建全新世和晚更新世美洲原住民种群规模的高分辨率肖像。我们的重建表明，美洲原住民在大约500年前经历了一次显著的、尽管是短暂的人口数量收缩，在此期间，女性的有效规模减少了大约50%。这些结果支持了对历史记录的分析，这些历史记录表明，欧洲的殖民导致了土著美国人的广泛死亡。
The genetic and demographic impact of European contact with Native Americans has remained unclear despite recent interest. Whereas archeological and historical records indicate that European contact resulted in widespread mortality from various sources, genetic studies have found little evidence of a recent contraction in Native American population size. In this study we use a large dataset including both ancient and contemporary mitochondrial DNA to construct a high-resolution portrait of the Holocene and late Pleistocene population size of indigenous Americans. Our reconstruction suggests that Native Americans suffered a significant, although transient, contraction in population size some 500 y before the present, during which female effective size was reduced by similar to 50%. These results support analyses of historical records indicating that European colonization induced widespread mortality among indigenous Americans.