Imaging for the Diagnosis and Management of Traumatic Brain Injury
Imaging for the Diagnosis and Management of Traumatic Brain Injury
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DOI：
10.1007/s13311-010-0003-3
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Gean, Alisa D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, Jane J.;Gean, Alisa D.
为了了解成像在创伤性脑损伤（TBI）中的作用，重要的是要认识到TBI包括一组异质性颅内损伤，包括撞击时的损伤和需要最佳医疗和手术管理的有害的二次级联损伤。初步成像确定急性原发性损伤，这是必不可少的诊断TBI，但连续成像监测也是至关重要的，以确定继发性损伤，如脑疝和肿胀，指导神经关键的管理。计算机断层扫描（CT）是急性TBI成像的支柱，但磁共振断层扫描（MRI）对非出血性挫伤和剪切应变损伤具有更好的诊断灵敏度。CT和MRI都可以用于阐明临床结果，并且对这两种技术的高级应用特别感兴趣，这两种技术可以大大提高传统CT和MRI对TBI诊断和预后的敏感性。
To understand the role of imaging in traumatic brain injury (TBI), it is important to appreciate that TBI encompasses a heterogeneous group of intracranial injuries and includes both insults at the time of impact and a deleterious secondary cascade of insults that require optimal medical and surgical management. Initial imaging identifies the acute primary insult that is essential to diagnosing TBI, but serial imaging surveillance is also critical to identifying secondary injuries such as cerebral herniation and swelling that guide neurocritical management. Computed tomography (CT) is the mainstay of TBI imaging in the acute setting, but magnetic resonance tomography (MRI) has better diagnostic sensitivity for nonhemorrhagic contusions and shear-strain injuries. Both CT and MRI can be used to prognosticate clinical outcome, and there is particular interest in advanced applications of both techniques that may greatly improve the sensitivity of conventional CT and MRI for both the diagnosis and prognosis of TBI.