Foraging strategies as a function of season and rank among wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Foraging strategies as a function of season and rank among wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arl042
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Pusey, Anne E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murray, Carson M.;Eberly, Lynn E.;Pusey, Anne E.
在哺乳动物中，雌性生殖通常被认为是食物有限的，理论上，统治地位应该为高级雌性提供更好的食物资源。尽管雌性黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）中统治地位的重要性在过去一直存在争议，但越来越多的证据表明，地位在雌性黑猩猩中非常重要（P. t.在坦桑尼亚的贡贝国家公园。在这项研究中，我们调查了季节和优势地位对雌性觅食策略的影响。我们发现，高级别的女性花更少的时间觅食，往往有一个更窄的饮食宽度和更高的饮食质量比下属的女性。通过这种方式，从属女性觅食策略是一致的女性一般如何适应粮食短缺的时期。因此，本研究的结果表明，低级别的女性可能会面临持续的“食物短缺”作为干扰食物竞争的结果。我们还提供了证据，下属可能觅食效率较低，因为他们占据了较低质量的栖息地或避免与占主导地位的女性在共享区域。
Among mammals, female reproduction is generally thought to be food limited, and dominance should theoretically afford high-ranking females with access to better food resources. Although the importance of dominance rank among female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) has been debated in the past, mounting evidence suggests that rank is very important among females (P. t. schweinfurthii) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. In this study, we investigated the influence of season and dominance rank on female foraging strategies. We found that high-ranking females spent less time foraging and tended to have a narrower diet breadth and higher diet quality than subordinate females. In this way, subordinate female foraging strategies were consistent with how females in general adapted to periods of food scarcity. The results of this study therefore suggest that low-ranking females may face persistent "food scarcity" as a result of interference food competition. We also provide evidence that subordinates may forage less efficiently because they occupy lower quality habitats or avoid associating with dominant females in shared areas.