Alcohol-induced lipid and morphological changes in chick retinal development
Alcohol-induced lipid and morphological changes in chick retinal development
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DOI：
10.1097/01.alc.0000125343.01149.4d
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发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Dorado, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aguilera, Y;Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V;Dorado, ME
背景：酒精暴露会导致不同器官的脂质含量改变和长链脂肪酸减少。在胚胎发育过程中，中枢神经系统极易受到酒精的致畸作用，视觉系统尤其敏感。方法：在孵化第6天，将10-和20-穆尔剂量注射到白色来航鸡胚的卵黄囊内。在孵育第7天（E7）、E11、E15和E18，分析胚胎视网膜的脂质组成。使用Iatroscan薄层色谱火焰离子化检测器估计磷脂、游离胆固醇、酯化胆固醇、二酰基甘油酯和游离脂肪酸的百分比。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析了脂肪酸组成。在E7，E11和E19通过半薄和免疫组织化学techniques.Results的形态学研究：在视网膜中，酒精的原因总脂质含量的变化，与游离胆固醇的显着增加和酯化胆固醇的显着减少。甘油二酯和游离脂肪酸倾向于增加。磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酰乙醇胺减少，而磷脂酰丝氨酸、鞘磷脂和磷脂酰肌醇增加。视网膜的主要脂肪酸也会发生变化。在E7，肉豆蔻酸增加，油酸和多不饱和脂肪酸如花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸减少。从E18开始，有一些恢复，除了脂肪酸，它恢复得更早。从形态学的角度来看，酒精对视网膜发育的影响是多种多样的：所有细胞层的细胞间隙增加，内核细胞层和神经节细胞层的细胞固缩和细胞结构丧失，细胞迁移延迟或紊乱，细胞早期分化，髓鞘少突细胞特异性蛋白的免疫反应性丧失。在胚胎发育过程中急性酒精暴露会导致视网膜的脂质成分发生变化，并在最后阶段有恢复的趋势。这些变化与在形态学水平上观察到的变化一致。
Background: Alcohol exposure causes alterations in the lipid content of different organs and a reduction of long-chain fatty acids. During embryo development, the central nervous system is extremely vulnerable to the teratogenic effects of alcohol, and the visual system is particularly sensitive.Methods: White Leghorn chick embryos were injected with 10- and 20-mul alcohol doses into the yolk sac at day 6 of incubation. The lipid composition of the retina was analyzed in embryos at day 7 of incubation (E7), E11, E15, and E18. The percentages of phospholipids, free cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, diacylglycerides, and free fatty acids were estimated by using an Iatroscan thin layer chromatography flame ionization detector. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry were used to determine fatty acid composition. The morphological study was performed at E7, E11, and E19 by means of semithin and immunohistochemical techniques.Results: In the retina, alcohol causes the total lipid content to change, with a remarkable increase in free cholesterol and a dramatic decrease in esterified cholesterol. Diacylglycerides and free fatty acids tend to increase. Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine decrease, whereas phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin, and phosphatidylinositol increase. The main fatty acids of the retina also undergo changes. At E7, myriotic acid increases, and oleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid decrease. From E18 onward, there is some recovery, except for fatty acids, which recover earlier. From a morphological point of view, alcohol effects on retinal development are various: increase of intercellular spaces in all cell layers, pyknosis with loss of cellularity in the inner nuclear cell layer and ganglion cell layer, retarded or disorderly cell migration, early cell differentiation, and loss of immunoreactivity for myelin oligodendrocyte-specific protein.Conclusions: Acute alcohol exposure during embryo development causes the lipid composition of the retina to change, with a trend to recovery in the last stages. These alterations are in line with the changes observed at a morphological level.