Cardiovascular health metrics in low and middle-income countries: A scoping review.
Cardiovascular health metrics in low and middle-income countries: A scoping review.
复制标题
低收入和中等收入国家的心血管健康指标：范围界定审查。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107534
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Perman,Gastón
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Garegnani,Luis;Franco,JuanVíctorAriel;EscobarLiquitay,CamilaMicaela;Brant,LuisaCamposCaldeira;Lim,HooiMin;deJesusJessen,NeusaPerina;Singh,Kavita;Ware,LisaJayne;Labarthe,Darwin;Perman,Gastón
背景2010年，美国心脏协会定义了理想心血管健康的概念，以重新关注心血管疾病的原始预防。主要来自高收入国家的证据表明，理想的CVH患病率较低，并随着年龄的增长而下降，脆弱人群受到的影响不同。我们的目标是识别和描述与低收入和中等收入国家(LMIC)的CVH指标相关的证据。我们检索了MEDLINE、Embase、Lilacs和研究登记，从最初到2022年3月14日。我们包括了横断面和队列研究，研究对象是在LMICs中代表一个地理单位(城市或农村)的人群，以及关于CVH指标的数据，即所有健康或临床因素(胆固醇、血压、血糖和体重指数)和至少一种健康行为(吸烟、饮食或体力活动)。我们报告了PRISMA-SCR扩展后的研究结果以进行范围审查。结果我们包括251项研究；85%是横断面研究。大多数研究(70.9%)仅来自十个国家。只有6.8%的人包括12岁以下的儿童。只有34.7%的人报告了七个指标；25.1%的人报告了六个指标。健康行为主要是自我报告的；45.0%的研究评估饮食，58.6%的体力活动，90.0%的吸烟状态。结论我们确定了大量的研究，提出了LMICs的CVH指标。很少有研究评估CVH的所有组成部分，特别是在儿童和低收入环境中。这项审查将促进未来研究的设计，以弥合证据差距。这项范围审查方案以前在OSF：https://osf.io/sajnh上注册
BackgroundIn 2010 the American Heart Association defined the concept of ideal cardiovascular health to renew the focus on primordial prevention for cardiovascular disease. Evidence primarily from high-income countries suggests ideal CVH prevalence is low and decreases with age, with vulnerable populations differentially affected. We aimed to identify and characterize the evidence relevant to CVH metrics in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsWe followed the Joanna Briggs Institute guideline for the conduct of this scoping review. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS and study registers from inception to 14 March 2022. We included cross-sectional and cohort studies in populations representing a geographically-defined unit (urban or rural) in LMICs, and with data on CVH metrics i.e. all health or clinical factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glycemia and body mass index) and at least one health behavior (smoking, diet or physical activity). We report findings following the PRISMA-Scr extension for scoping reviews.ResultsWe included 251 studies; 85% were cross-sectional. Most studies (70.9%) came from just ten countries. Only 6.8% included children younger than 12 years old. Only 34.7% reported seven metrics; 25.1%, six. Health behaviors were mostly self-reported; 45.0% of studies assessed diet, 58.6% physical activity, and 90.0% smoking status.ConclusionsWe identified a substantial and heterogeneous body of research presenting CVH metrics in LMICs. Few studies assessed all components of CVH, especially in children and in low-income settings. This review will facilitate the design of future studies to bridge the evidence gap.This scoping review protocol was previously registered on OSF: https://osf.io/sajnh