Potassium: To Add or to Replace…That Is the Question.
Potassium: To Add or to Replace…That Is the Question.
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钾：添加还是替代——这就是问题所在。
DOI：
10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.20855
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Juraschek,StephenP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhang,Mingyu;Juraschek,StephenP
高血压是全球可预防死亡的主要原因。 1 近 75% 的成年人高血压患者生活在高血压患病率不断上升的低收入和中等收入国家。 2 降低血压 (BP) 的公共卫生工作的一个主要重点是减少钠摄入量，因为随机试验表明，无论基线钠摄入量如何，血压都会随着钠摄入量的减少而持续线性下降。 3 然而，由于与膳食准备相关的根深蒂固的文化习俗以及食品工业中钠的大量使用，减少钠摄入量的有效策略一直难以实现。 2021 年美国心脏协会饮食指南强调，富钾盐（即盐替代品）是一种有前途的替代品，可以减少钠摄入量，而无需改变食物选择或家庭准备行为。 4 事实上，之前的研究表明，盐替代可能是降低血压的一种策略，5 但关于此类替代品对心血管的长期益处的证据有限。
Hypertension is the leading cause of preventable death globally. 1 Nearly 75% of adults with hypertension live in low-and middle-income countries where the prevalence of hypertension is rising. 2 One major focus of public health efforts to lower blood pressure (BP) has been sodium reduction, as randomized trials demonstrated a consistent, linear decrease in BP with lower sodium intake, irrespective of baseline sodium intake. 3 However, effective strategies to reduce sodium intake have been elusive due to deep-rooted cultural practices related to meal preparation as well as high use of sodium by the food industry. The 2021 American Heart Association Dietary Guidance highlighted potassium-enriched salt (ie, salt substitution) as a promising alternative to reduce sodium intake without altering behaviors around food choice or home preparation. 4 Indeed, previous studies have shown that salt substitution may serve as a strategy to lower BP, 5 but there had been limited evidence on the long-term cardiovascular benefits of such replacements.