PROBABILITY OF 2ND LAW VIOLATIONS IN SHEARING STEADY-STATES
PROBABILITY OF 2ND LAW VIOLATIONS IN SHEARING STEADY-STATES
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.71.2401
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发表时间：
1993-10-11
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
MORRISS, GP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
EVANS, DJ;COHEN, EGD;MORRISS, GP
提出了多粒子系统有限持续时间轨迹段自然不变测度的新定义。在此基础上，我们给出了远离平衡的非平衡稳态流体的剪应力波动概率的表达式。特别是，我们得到了一个公式的比例，在有限的时间内，剪切应力反转的迹象，违反热力学第二定律。计算机模拟支持这个公式。
We propose a new definition of natural invariant measure for trajectory segments of finite duration for a many-particle system. On this basis we give an expression for the probability of fluctuations in the shear stress of a fluid in a nonequilibrium steady state far from equilibrium. In particular we obtain a formula for the ratio that, for a finite time, the shear stress reverses sign, violating he second law of thermodynamics. Computer simulations support this formula.