Assessment of Drivers of Antimicrobial Usage in Poultry Farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam: A Combined Participatory Epidemiology and Q-Sorting Approach
Assessment of Drivers of Antimicrobial Usage in Poultry Farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam: A Combined Participatory Epidemiology and Q-Sorting Approach
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fvets.2019.00084
复制
发表时间：
2019-03-25
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Rushton, Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dinh Bao Truong;Hoang Phu Doan;Rushton, Jonathan
在越南湄公河三角洲，家禽养殖户使用大量的抗菌剂，但对影响这种使用的驱动因素知之甚少。我们的目标是使用一种新的方法来识别这些驱动因素，该方法结合了参与性流行病学（PE）和Q排序（一种允许分析个人面对共同现象的主观性的方法）。在东塔省（湄公河三角洲）的五个区，共对125名代表该地区最常见的养殖系统（鸡、肉鸭和移动的放牧鸭）的农民以及73名农民顾问[兽医、兽药店老板和政府兽医/社区动物卫生工作者（CAHW）]进行了26次半结构性集体访谈。通过这些访谈，创建了46个与抗菌剂的感知可靠性，成本和对鸡群健康的影响有关的声明。这些声明，然后调查54个人（28个农民和26个农民的顾问）使用Q排序访谈。农民普遍表示，与病毒感染（8.3-66.7%）相比，如果他们的鸡群遇到细菌感染（75.0-78.6%），抗菌剂使用（AMU）的倾向更高。农民最信任的建议来源依次为：政府兽医/CAHWs，他们自己的知识/经验，兽药店老板，以及制药和饲料公司的销售人员。AMU的最高峰发生在生产周期的早期阶段。农民和他们的顾问表现出相当大的异质性的态度，关于AMU，分别有四个和三个话语代表他们对AMU的看法。总体而言，农民认为AMU的成本比在其农场实施的其他疾病管理措施便宜。然而，他们也相信，即使这些措施更昂贵，它们也会导致更有效的疾病预防。这一发现的一个关键建议是兽医当局实施长期可持续的培训计划，旨在减少农民对抗菌剂的依赖。
In the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, poultry farmers use high amounts of antimicrobials, but little is known about the drivers that influence this usage. We aimed to identify these drivers using a novel approach that combined participatory epidemiology (PE) and Q-sorting (a methodology that allows the analysis of the subjectivity of individuals facing a common phenomenon). A total of 26 semi-structured collective interviews were conducted with 125 farmers representative of the most common farming systems in the area (chickens, meat ducks, and mobile grazing ducks), as well as with 73 farmers' advisors [veterinarians, veterinary drug shop owners, and government veterinarians/commune animal health workers (CAHWs)] in five districts of Dong Thap province (Mekong Delta). Through these interviews, 46 statements related to the antimicrobials' perceived reliability, costs, and impact on flock health were created. These statements were then investigated on 54 individuals (28 farmers and 26 farmers' advisors) using Q-sorting interviews. Farmers generally indicated a higher propensity for antimicrobial usage (AMU) should their flocks encounter bacterial infections (75.0-78.6%) compared with viral infections (8.3-66.7%). The most trusted sources of advice to farmers were, in decreasing order: government veterinarian/CAHWs, their own knowledge/experience, veterinary drug shop owners, and sales persons from pharmaceutical and feed companies. The highest peak of AMU took place in the early phase of the production cycle. Farmers and their advisors showed considerable heterogeneity of attitudes with regards to AMU, with, respectively, four and three discourses representing their views on AMU. Overall, farmers regarded the cost of AMU cheaper than other disease management practices implemented on their farms. However, they also believed that even though these measures were more expensive, they would also lead to more effective disease prevention. A key recommendation from this finding would be for the veterinary authorities to implement long-term sustainable training programs aiming at reducing farmers' reliance on antimicrobials.