Manipulating rangeland soil microclimate with juniper biochar for improved native seedling establishment
Manipulating rangeland soil microclimate with juniper biochar for improved native seedling establishment
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DOI：
10.1002/saj2.20207
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
C. Phillips;K. Meyer;C. Hanson;S. Biraud;K. Trippe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Phillips;K. Meyer;C. Hanson;S. Biraud;K. Trippe
西部刺柏（Juniperus oceanentalisHook.）和入侵的草类已经严重破坏了美国西部的山艾树草原生态系统。在这里，我们评估了是否可以用于恢复播种，以提高建立本地束草杜松转化为生物炭。我们假设，杜松生物炭可以扩大窗口的有利土壤气候条件的幼苗建立，无论是通过黑暗的土壤表面，加快温暖的早春，或通过提高土壤保水和减缓干燥的晚春。研究了施用生物质炭对土壤水分、温度和湿度的影响，沿着对土壤肥力和蓝穗冰草（Pseudoroegneria spicata[Pursh]）生长的影响。Löve）。用生物炭（14毫克公顷-1）改良的地块与有烧伤疤痕的地块进行了比较，其中砍伐的杜松被堆放和焚烧，对照地块位于烧伤疤痕之间，没有施用生物炭。生物炭引起的地表温度略有下降，但没有改变土壤温度或原位土壤水分。与对照地块相比，生物炭对2年以上的幼苗建立或生长没有影响。幼苗建立是最大的烧伤疤痕，可能是由于更大的N可用性。生物炭对土壤物理和化学特性的影响最小，即使在较高的修正率比可以提供丰富的杜松生物量的景观。这项试验表明，杜松生物炭没有造成伤害，但没有提供明显的好处，为本地幼苗建立。
Encroachment of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalisHook.) and invasive grasses have substantially degraded sagebrush‐steppe ecosystems of the western United States. Here we evaluated whether juniper that is converted to biochar could be used in restoration seeding to improve establishment of native bunchgrasses. We hypothesized that juniper biochar could expand the window of favorable soil climate conditions for seedling establishment, either by darkening the soil surface and hastening warming in the early spring, or by enhancing soil water retention and slowing drying in the late spring. The influence of biochar application on soil albedo, temperature, and moisture were evaluated over 2 yr, along with impacts to soil fertility and establishment of bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata[Pursh] Á. Löve). Plots amended with biochar (14 Mg ha−1) were compared with plots with burn scars, where cut juniper had been piled and burned, and control plots that were areas located between burn scars where no biochar was applied. Biochar caused a small decrease in surface albedo, but no change in soil temperature or in situ soil moisture. Biochar had no impact on seedling establishment or growth over 2 yr compared with control plots. Seedling establishment was greatest in burn scars, possibly due to greater N availability. Biochar had minimal effects on soil physical and chemical characteristics, even when applied at a higher amendment rate than could be provisioned by the abundance of juniper biomass on the landscape. This trial showed juniper biochar caused no harm, but provided no clear benefits for native seedling establishment.