Reforming China's health care: for the people, by the people?
Reforming China's health care: for the people, by the people?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60080-5
复制
发表时间：
2009-01-24
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Liu Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu Y
2008年10月14日，中国政府公布了《医疗改革方案》征求意见稿。1邀请民众参与公共政策的制定在中国是前所未有的。这一邀请揭示了世界上最大的发展中国家已经走了多远以及可能走向何方的迹象，并表明现任领导人的开放态度，或者至少表明他们希望被视为好的倾听者。尽管中国自1978年开始从计划经济向市场经济转型以来经济发展迅速，但中国的医疗危机一直在逼近。严重急性呼吸系统综合征的爆发、包括艾滋病毒/艾滋病在内的性传播疾病发病率的上升、禽流感大流行的持续威胁以及最近的牛奶丑闻都提醒人们，中国缺乏和脆弱的卫生系统面临着复杂的挑战，该系统的不足对经济、社会和全球产生了严重影响。中国领导人在追求以经济增长为主导的发展议程时，忽视了政府为医疗保健提供充足资金、组织和监管的责任。普遍抱怨“看病太难，看病太贵！”成为中国民意调查中的首要问题之一。2，3自1990年以来，自付金额飙升了十倍以上。现在，一次住院的平均费用几乎相当于中国的人均年收入，是中国人均年收入的两倍多。
On Oct 14, 2008, the Chinese Government published a draft of its Healthcare Reform Plan, to solicit comments from the public. 1 Inviting people to participate in the development of public policies is unprecedented in China. The invitation reveals signs of how far the world’s largest developing country has gone and where it might be going, and indicates open-mindedness in the current leadership or at least shows that they want to be perceived as being good listeners. Despite China’s rapid economic development since 1978, when the country embarked on a transformation from a planned economy to a market economy, a health-care crisis has been looming in the country. The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome, the increasing incidence of sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS, constant threats of an avian influenza pandemic, and the recent milk scandal serve as reminders of the complex challenges confronting China’s deficient and vulnerable health system and the serious economic, social, and global implications of the system’s shortfalls. China’s leaders, in their pursuit of an economic growth-dominated development agenda, have neglected the Government’s responsibilities to adequately finance, organise, and regulate health care. The general complaint that it was “Too difficult to see a doctor, too expensive to see a doctor!” became one of the top issues in China’s opinion polls. 2, 3 Out-of-pocket payments have soared more than tenfold since 1990. Now, the average cost of a single hospital admission is almost equivalent to China’s annual per-capita income, and is more than twice the