Evaluation of Climatic and Anthropogenic Impacts on Dust Erodibility: A Case Study in Xilingol Grassland, China
Evaluation of Climatic and Anthropogenic Impacts on Dust Erodibility: A Case Study in Xilingol Grassland, China
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DOI：
10.3390/su12020629
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发表时间：
2020-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Jing Wu;Y. Kurosaki;Chunling Du
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jing Wu;Y. Kurosaki;Chunling Du
风沙取决于侵蚀力（即，风速）和可侵蚀性（即，地面条件）。侵蚀性对粉尘发生的影响仍然知之甚少。本文提出了一个综合可蚀性指数（沙尘发生率，DOR），并研究了1974-2018年春季锡林郭勒草原典型草原区（阿巴嘎旗）土壤可蚀性的年际变化。DOR的变化是粉尘发生的主要原因（R2 = 0.80，p值< 0.001）。在2001-2018年期间，DOR值明显高于1974-2000年期间的值。也有总体下降的趋势，但有波动。这表明，土地表面状况变得易受风蚀的影响，但随着近年来防治荒漠化项目的实施，这种情况逐渐得到扭转。为了了解气候和人为因素对土壤可蚀性的影响，对2001-2018年的DOR与影响因子进行了多元回归分析。降水量（春季、夏季和冬季）和温度（夏季、秋季和冬季）以及牲畜数量（6月）解释了DOR变化的82%。绵羊和山羊种群的贡献最大。因此，减少绵羊和山羊的数量是防止锡林郭勒草原沙尘发生的有效措施。
Aeolian dust is dependent on erosivity (i.e., wind speed) and erodibility (i.e., land surface conditions). The effect of erodibility on dust occurrence remains poorly understood. In this study, we proposed a composite erodibility index (dust occurrence ratio, DOR) and examined its interannual variation at a typical steppe site (Abaga-Qi) in Xilingol Grassland, China, during spring of 1974–2018. Variation in DOR is mainly responsible for dust occurrence (R2 = 0.80, p-value < 0.001). During 2001–2018, DOR values were notably higher than those during 1974–2000. There was also a general declining trend with fluctuations. This indicates that the land surface conditions became vulnerable to wind erosion but was gradually reversed with the implementation of projects to combat desertification in recent years. To understand the relative climatic and anthropogenic impacts on erodibility, multiple regression was conducted between DOR and influencing factors for the period of 2001–2018. Precipitation (spring, summer, and winter) and temperature (summer, autumn, and winter), together with livestock population (June) explained 82% of the variation in DOR. Sheep and goat population made the greatest contribution. Therefore, reducing the number of sheep and goat could be an effective measure to prevent dust occurrence in Xilingol Grassland.