Status of the French Research Program on Partitioning and Transmutation
Status of the French Research Program on Partitioning and Transmutation
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DOI：
10.1080/18811248.2007.9711302
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发表时间：
2007-03
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
D. Warin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Warin
法国的核能生产从一开始就与放射性废物管理的最佳化联系在一起，包括可回收高能材料的分离和回收。从一开始，原子能委员会（CEA）就投入了相当大的努力来管理循环的后端，以提取可重复使用的材料，铀和钚，并用玻璃化过程处理产生的废物。在1991年12月的《废物管理法》结束时，人们认为，已经在水处理的真实的解决方案上得到验证的分离技术已经达到了一个合理的保证，即工业部署可以成功的程度。对于嬗变，CEA已经开展了一些项目，在实验室规模上证明了消除次要锕系元素的可行性，情景研究也允许根据压水反应堆-快中子反应堆-加速器驱动系统（PWR-FR-ADS）的反应堆群，从最终废物存量的定量减少方面评估嬗变的效率。对于未来，法国议会于2006年6月28日通过的新的废物管理法案要求，分区和嬗变研究继续与GEN IV系统和ADS开发密切相关，允许在2012年评估此类系统的工业前景，并在2020年投入运行嬗变演示设施。
The production of nuclear energy in France has been associated, since its inception, with the optimization of radioactive waste management, including the partitioning and the recycling of recoverable energetic materials. From the start, the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA) has devoted considerable effort to the management of the back end of the cycle in order to extract the re-usable materials, uranium and plutonium, and to condition the resulting waste with the vitrification process. At the end of the December 1991 Waste Management Act, it is considered that partitioning techniques, which have been validated on real solutions with aqueous process, have been brought to a point where there is reasonable assurance that industrial deployment can be successful. For transmutation, CEA has conducted programs proving at lab scale the feasibility of the elimination of minor actinides and scenario studies have also allowed assessing the efficiency of transmutation in terms of the quantitative reduction of the final waste inventory depending on the reactor fleet of Pressurized Water Reactor-Fast Neutron Reactor-Accelerator Driven Systems (PWR-FR-ADS). For the future, the new Waste Management Act passed by the French Parliament on June 28, 2006, demands that Partitioning and Transmutation research continues in strong connection to GEN IV systems and ADS development, allowing to assess the industrial perspectives of such systems in 2012 and to put into operation a transmutation demo facility in 2020.