Impacts of urbanization on land use/cover changes and its probable implications on local climate and groundwater level
Impacts of urbanization on land use/cover changes and its probable implications on local climate and groundwater level
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jum.2018.04.006
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Mahapatra, Subhash Chandra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Patra, Suman;Sahoo, Satiprasad;Mahapatra, Subhash Chandra
鉴于城市化被认为是最重要的人为改变的环境框架之一，本研究试图了解城市增长的时空特征及其影响的水文气象参数在豪拉市政公司（HMC）的印度西孟加拉。本文的实证方法是基于土地利用/土地覆盖（LULC）的变化和归一化差异建成指数（NDBI）计算使用遥感和GIS技术。时空卫星图像和常规数据被用来描述城市增长过程，而基于K均值的无监督分类技术被用于LULC变化。采用反距离加权插值方法对降雨、温度和地下水位的空间分布进行了分析。为了检查水文气象（例如，降雨，温度）参数与水文成分（例如，地下水位），进行Kendalls Tau检验。结果表明，在过去的20年中，随着城市北方、西北部和西南部地下水位深度的波动，城市最大建成区面积有所增加。值得注意的是，从东北部到东南部都出现了建筑扩张。有证据表明，城市扩张或收缩表明建成区扩大，从而导致城市地区的环境退化。虽然本文件所采用的方法有可能有助于理解城市化进程，但研究结果对制定必要的政策和法规具有重要意义。
Given that urbanization is considered as one of the most significant anthropogenic alterations of the environmental framework, the present study attempts to understand spatiotemporal characteristics of urban growth and its implications for the hydro-meteorological parameters in the Howrah Municipal Corporation (HMC) of the Indian state of West Bengal. The empirical approach of the paper is based on land use/land cover (LULC) changes and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) computed using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Spatiotemporal satellite images and conventional data are used to characterize the urban growth process, whereas K-Means based unsupervised classification technique is used for LULC changes. Inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation method is applied for the spatial distribution of rainfall, temperature and groundwater level analysis. In order to examine whether hydro-meteorological (e.g., rainfall, temperature) parameters have any relationship with hydrological components (e.g., groundwater level) the Kendalls Tau test was performed. It is found that the maximum urban built-up area has increased during the last two decades with fluctuations in depth to groundwater level in northern, north-western and south-western side of the city. Notably, built-up expansions have taken place from the north-eastern to the south-eastern part. There are evidences of urban sprawl or shrinkage indicating expansion of built-up area and thus causing environmental degradation in the city area. While the methodology used in the paper has the potential for understanding the urbanization process, the findings have important implications for designing necessary policies and regulations.