Historicising "terrorism": how, and why?
Historicising "terrorism": how, and why?
复制标题
将“恐怖主义”历史化：如何以及为何？
DOI：
10.1080/17539153.2021.1982467
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Livesey M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Livesey M
将时间性纳入对“恐怖主义”的批判性研究的观点已经确立。早在2003年，Maja Zehfuss就呼吁批判性研究人员“忘记9/11”（2003,520）。Zehfuss的论点是基于这样一种理解：作为“恐怖主义”诞生过程中的一个特殊事件，奇异的9/11事件是以更深入的权力分析为代价的。随后的学者们坚持了这一批评：呼吁对恐怖主义话语历史进行“知识的重新发现”（Walker 2015, 603），而不是“几乎只关注后9/11时代”（Erlenbusch-Anderson 2012, 161）。最贴切的是，Harmonie Toros（2017）邀请本杂志的读者将9/11的框架修改为时间的不连续性。托罗斯发现，在对恐怖主义的九年批判性研究中，60%的文章将9/11视为“时间断裂的时刻”（2017,207）。批判性的学者们需要超越9/11的轨道，全面探讨恐怖主义的历史性。根据Zehfuss和Toros的说法，这意味着将911事件置于恐怖主义更广泛的谱系中——更密切地关注恐怖主义在反恐战争以外的时期的演变。不太清楚的是，这一历史性计划可能带来什么好处，以及我们将如何实施这一计划。在这一反思中，我考虑了将时间深度引入批判性恐怖主义研究（CTS）的一条途径，并提出了从这种实践中产生的理论机会。
The argument for integrating temporality into the critical study of “terrorism” is well established. As early as 2003, Maja Zehfuss called for critical researchers to “forget 9/11”(2003, 520). Zehfuss’ argument proceeded on the understanding that singularising 9/11, as an exceptional event in the birth of “terrorism”, came at the cost of deeper analyses of power. Subsequent scholars have sustained this critique: calling for a “rediscovery of knowledge”(Walker 2015, 603) about terrorism’s discursive histories, beyond the “almost exclusive focus on the post-9/11 era”(Erlenbusch-Anderson 2012, 161). Most pertinently, Harmonie Toros (2017) invited readers of this journal to revise 9/11’s framing as a temporal discontinuity. Toros found that, in nine years of Critical Studies on Terrorism, 60% of articles had addressed 9/11 as a “moment of temporal rupture”(2017, 207). Critical scholars need to move beyond the orbit of 9/11 and address the fullness of terrorism’s historicity. Per Zehfuss and Toros, that means situating 9/11 in the context of terrorism’s wider genealogy–paying closer attention to terrorism’s evolution in periods other than the War on Terror. What is less clear is what benefits might accrue from this historicising programme, and how we might undertake it. In this reflection, I consider one pathway for bringing temporal depth to critical terrorism studies (CTS), and suggest theoretical opportunities which arise from such an exercise.