Effects of ambient ozone on seedlings of Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst.
Effects of ambient ozone on seedlings of Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst.
复制标题
环境臭氧对水青冈和喀斯特云杉幼苗的影响。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03007.x
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
W. Flückiger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sabine Braun;W. Flückiger
在不同海拔高度的不同地点，在普遍存在臭氧污染的情况下，对未经过滤的空气与过滤后的空气对树苗的影响进行了测试。从不同的实验中的生长和生物量数据进行了评估，在曝光时间超过40 nl-1的臭氧剂量。在山毛榉（Fagtis sylvatica L.）中，生物量与臭氧剂量显著相关，而枝长则不相关。地上部/根比没有变化，但细根生物量比地上部生物量有更显着的减少。臭氧的影响是在实验期间累积的，即从几个月到三年。每个生长季节的累积剂量为7 μl 1-1 h > 40 nl l-1，按24 h/天计算，相当于三年内生物量减少10%。在未经过滤的空气中生长的幼苗也表现出更严重的冻伤症状后，寒冷的冬天与快速的温度变化。实验室实验表明，冬季干燥可能比低温发挥了更重要的作用，但中等霜冻温度可能会导致更多的潜在伤害暴露在环境空气中的幼苗。从未经过滤的空气离体叶片的水分损失显着较高的季节后期。在未经过滤的空气中生长的山毛榉幼苗，但在不同的年份，观察到增加褪绿和过早落叶。云杉[Picea abies（L.）喀斯特。显示出降低的趋势，但在试验剂量范围内并不显著。然而，三年的熏蒸也导致云杉幼苗的萎黄病增加。低温试验表明，云杉幼苗在冬季的活力也可能受到环境空气污染的影响。
The effect of unfiltered versus filtered air was tested on tree seedlings at different sites with prevailing ozone pollution, at different altitudes. Growth and biomass data from different experiments were evaluated in relation to ozone dose above 40 nl l-1 during the exposure time. In beech (Fagtis sylvatica L.), biomass was significantly correlated with ozone dose whereas shoot length was not. There was no change in shoot/root ratio but there were more significant reductions in fine root biomass than in shoot biomass. The effect of ozone was cumulative within the duration of the experiments, i.e. from a few months to three years. A cumulative dose of 7 μl 1-1 h > 40 nl l-1 Per growing season, calculated for 24 h day-1 , corresponded to a 10% biomass reduction within three years. Seedlings grown in unfiltered air also exhibited much more severe symptoms of frost injury following a cold winter with rapid temperature change. Laboratory experiments suggest that winter desiccation may have played a more important role than low temperatures, but that medium frost temperatures may cause more latent injuries in seedlings exposed to ambient air. Water loss of detached leaves from unfiltered air was significantly higher later m the season. Both increased chlorosis and premature leaf fall were observed in the beech seedlings grown in unfiltered air, but in different years. The biomass of spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] showed a tendency towards a reduction, but this was not significant within the dose range tested. Three years of fumigation, however, caused increased chlorosis also in the spruce seedlings. Tests with low temperatures suggest that the vitality of the spruce seedlings during winter may also be impaired by the ambient air pollution.