Investigation of firebrand production during prescribed fires conducted in a pine forest
Investigation of firebrand production during prescribed fires conducted in a pine forest
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DOI：
10.1016/j.proci.2016.06.125
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Simeoni, Albert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Filkov, Alexander;Prohanov, Sergey;Simeoni, Albert
本文介绍了2013年3月至2015年3月在美国新泽西松树荒地进行的实验性火灾中燃烧剂产生特性的研究。几个初步的技术进行了测试，以表征火标生产。每年从三个地块收集火把，并分析质量和尺寸分布。2014年和2015年，热成像被用来测量火焰的速度、大小和数量。在实验过程中，在监测体积中评估了燃烧剂的分布。结果表明，采集到的颗粒物中，树皮碎片不少于70%，其余为松树和灌木树枝。随着燃烧带横截面积的增加，燃烧带的数量减少。颗粒的质量在5至50 mg之间变化，并且在10-20 mg的质量范围内观察到颗粒的最大数量。约80%的火把是横截面积为（5-20）× 10（-5）m（2）的颗粒。这些结果与现有的真实的火灾观测结果一致[1，2]。红外视频的处理表明，从距离火锋13米处开始，在一个受控的体积中观察到越来越多的火把，每秒增加到180个。获得了描述落在1.4 m（2）表面上的颗粒数与飞过1 m（3）体积的颗粒数随时间变化的关系。比较实验和计算数据，我们可以得出结论，这些关系使我们能够以可接受的精度（分别为0.74和0.86）描述这两个数字。此外，颗粒的速度取决于风速，在0.1-10.5 m/s的范围内，平均值为2.5 m/s。(C)2016年，燃烧研究所。爱思唯尔公司出版
This paper represents a study on the characterization of firebrand production which was carried out, using experimental fires conducted as prescribed fires in the New Jersey Pine Barrens, USA in March of 2013-2015. Several preliminary techniques were tested to characterize the firebrand production. Firebrands were collected from three plots for each year and analyzed for mass and size distribution. Thermal imagery was used to measure the velocity, size and number of firebrands in 2014 and 2015. The distribution of firebrands was evaluated in a monitored volume during the experiment. It was found that not less than 70% of collected particles were bark fragments and the rest were pine and shrub branches. The number of firebrands decreases with increasing the cross section area of firebrands. The mass of the particles varied from 5 to 50 mg, and the maximum number of the particles was observed for the mass range of 10-20 mg. About 80% of firebrands were particles with the cross section area of (5-20) x 10(-5) m(2). These results are consistent with the available observations of real fires [1,2]. Processing of infrared video showed that starting from a distance of 13 m from fire front, an increasing number of firebrands were observed in a controlled volume, increasing in number up to 180 per second. Relationships describing the time-variation of the number of particles that dropped on a 1.4 m(2) surface and the number of particles that flew through a 1 m(3) volume were obtained. Comparing the experimental and calculated data, we can conclude that these relationships allow us to describe the two numbers with an acceptable accuracy (adj. R-2 0.74 and 0.86, respectively). In addition, the velocity of the particles, which depended on the wind velocity, was in the 0.1-10.5 m/s range, with an average value of 2.5 m/s. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc.