Car dependence in rural Scotland: transport policy, devolution and the impact of the fuel duty escalator
Car dependence in rural Scotland: transport policy, devolution and the impact of the fuel duty escalator
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DOI：
10.1016/s0743-0167(00)00035-8
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Roberts, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gray, D;Farrington, J;Roberts, D
本文探讨了苏格兰农村地区对汽车的依赖，评估了燃油税自动扶梯对农村社区的影响，并讨论了新的苏格兰行政机构在塑造未来农村交通政策中的作用。调查在五个地区使用了问卷、采访和旅行日记，结果显示，苏格兰农村家庭拥有汽车的比例很高，超过四分之三的旅行都是用汽车进行的。孤立和收入水平是汽车使用的最重要预测因素。那些居住在“远离”地区的人-即远离主要道路和/或公共汽车路线的地方-更有可能拥有车辆，并且驾车出行的比例更高。富裕家庭的汽车拥有率更高，与低收入家庭相比，这种模式的旅行距离更远。不太富裕的家庭也更有可能在不更换车辆的情况下处理掉车辆，这表明对汽车的依赖程度波动更大。虽然那些生活在苏格兰农村的人似乎指望汽车，但对那些没有其他选择（结构上依赖）的人和那些有其他选择但依赖汽车的人进行了区分。很难预测燃油税自动扶梯的确切影响，但有人认为，大多数家庭将科普汽车成本的增加，而偏远地区的少数低收入家庭将难以承受额外的成本。该研究强调，苏格兰立法机构需要获得额外资金，以维持农村社区面对不断上涨的燃料成本，并建议适当的政策反应可能是支持孤立的商店和服务，即补贴旅行的替代品以及汽车的替代品(C)2001爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
This paper examines dependence on the car in rural Scotland, assesses the impact of the fuel duty escalator on rural communities and discusses the role of the new Scottish Executive in shaping future rural transport policy. Questionnaires, interviews and travel diaries were used in five areas and revealed that households in rural Scotland enjoy high levels of car ownership, and that the car is used for over three-quarters of all journeys. Isolation and income levels are the most significant predictors of car use. Those living in 'removed' areas - i.e. locations distant from main roads and/or bus routes - are more likely to own vehicles and make a higher proportion of their journeys by car. Affluent households enjoy higher levels of car ownership, and make more journeys over greater distances by this mode than those on low-incomes. Less affluent households are also more likely to have disposed of a vehicle without replacing it, suggesting a more fluctuating dependence on the car. Although those living in rural Scotland appear to count on the car, a distinction is made between those who have no alternative (structurally dependent) and those who have alternatives but rely on their vehicles. It is difficult to predict the exact impact of the fuel duty escalator, but it is argued that the majority of households will cope with increases in the cost of motoring, while a significant minority of low income households in isolated areas will struggle to absorb the extra cost. The study highlights the need for the Scottish legislature to secure additional funding in order to sustain rural communities in the face of the rising fuel costs and suggests that an appropriate policy response might be to support isolated shops and services, i.e. subsidising alternatives to the journey as well as alternatives to the car. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.