Analysing land cover and land use change in the Matobo National Park and surroundings in Zimbabwe
Analysing land cover and land use change in the Matobo National Park and surroundings in Zimbabwe
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rse.2017.03.037
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Valeska Scharsich;Kupakwashe Mtata;M. Hauhs;H. Lange;C. Bogner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Valeska Scharsich;Kupakwashe Mtata;M. Hauhs;H. Lange;C. Bogner
建立国家公园是为了减少人类对自然的影响，促进物种保护、生物多样性和生态服务。其他国家的保护，比如联合国教科文组织世界遗产地，是为了保护文化上重要的地方或生活方式而设立的。在津巴布韦的马托博山，既有国家公园，又有世界遗产。此外，国家公园以外的土地属于两种不同的所有权制度，即“共同”（即社区拥有）和“非共同”（私人或政府拥有）土地。本文研究了土地保护状态和土地所有权对土地利用和土地覆盖的影响。我们使用1989年、1998年和2014年的Landsat图像，通过随机森林的监督分类获得地图。为了弥补地面数据的不足，我们结合照片、谷歌地球图像和变化检测，从最近的观测中推断过去的土地利用和土地覆盖。我们可以将其划分为灌丛地、森林地、斑驳地和农业区四类。在研究期间，马托博国家公园的土地覆盖组成基本稳定，变化主要体现在周边地区。在国家公园之外，森林面积增加了约7%。公地发生了很大变化，耕地面积减少。我们将这一发展归功于21世纪初实施的快速土地改革。我们的方法表明，将最近的土地覆盖信息与变化检测相结合，可以研究保护区的时间发展。
National parks are established to reduce human influence on nature and contribute to species conservation, biodiversity and ecological services. Other states of protection like the UNESCO world heritage sites, for example, are created for maintaining culturally important places or lifestyles. In the Matobo Hills (Zimbabwe) both states of protection are present, a national park and a world heritage site. In addition, the land outside the National Park belongs to two different systems of ownership, namely “common” (i.e. community-owned) and “not-common” (privately or governmentally owned) land.In this paper, we investigated how the state of protection and the ownership affected the land use and land cover. We derived maps using Landsat images from 1989, 1998 and 2014 by supervised classification with Random Forests. To compensate for the lack of ground data we inferred past land use and land cover from recent observations combining photographs, Google Earth images and change detection. We could identify four classes, namelyshrub land,forest,patchy vegetationandagricultural area.The Matobo National Park showed a stable composition of land cover during the study period and the main changes were observable in the surroundings. Outside the national park,forestincreased by about 7%. The common lands have changed substantially and their agricultural area decreased. We attribute this development to the Fast Track Land Reform, which took place in the early 2000s. Our approach shows that combining information on recent land cover with change detection allows to study the temporal development of protected areas.