Eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, Colombia, On 13 November 1985: Tephra Fall and Lahars
Eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, Colombia, On 13 November 1985: Tephra Fall and Lahars
复制标题
1985 年 11 月 13 日，哥伦比亚内瓦多德尔鲁伊斯火山喷发：火山灰瀑布和火山泥浆
作者：
J. L. Naranjo;Haraldur Sigurdsson;S. Carey;William J. Fritz
1985年11月13日，哥伦比亚的内瓦多德尔鲁伊斯火山在普林尼亚的一次小喷发中喷出3.5x1010公斤英安岩和安山岩混合的火山灰，最大柱子高度为海拔31公里。火山喷发初期产生的少量火山碎屑流和巨浪导致约10%的火山冰盖表面融化，导致融水洪水。侵蚀性洪水将火山两侧的土壤和松散的沉积物结合在一起，形成了拉哈尔火山，夺走了至少2.5万人的生命。
A small Plinian eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano in Colombia ejected 3.5 x 1010 kilograms of mixed dacite and andesite tephra on 13 November 1985, with a maximum column height of 31 kilometers above sea level. Small pyroclastic flows and surges, generated during the initial stage of the eruption, caused surface melting of approximately 10% of the volcano's ice cap, leading to meltwater floods. The erosive floods incorporated soils and loose sediments from the volcano's flanks and developed into lahars, which claimed at least 25,000 lives.