Sol-gel processed TiO2 films for photovoltaic applications
Sol-gel processed TiO2 films for photovoltaic applications
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1011273700573
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Grätzel, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Grätzel, M
染料敏化太阳能电池 (DYSC) 为当今的 p-n 结光伏器件提供了技术上和经济上可靠的替代概念。与半导体承担光吸收和电荷载流子传输任务的传统系统相比，这两种功能在这里是分开的。光被固定在宽带隙半导体表面的敏化剂吸收。通过光致电子从染料注入到固体的导带中，在界面处发生电荷分离。载流子在半导体的导带中传输到电荷收集器。当前的概念是在通过溶胶-凝胶工艺制备的介孔氧化物半导体薄膜的研究背景下发展起来的。使用具有宽吸收带的过渡金属配合物与纳米晶体形态的氧化物膜相结合，可以收获大部分阳光。在整个可见光区域的大光谱范围内实现了入射光子到电流的近乎定量的转换。太阳能（标准 AM 1.5）到电力的整体转换效率已达到 10% 以上。以比传统设备更低的成本生产这些电池的前景良好。讲座将介绍该领域的现状。我们将讨论染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池（DYSC）的新概念，包括固体异质结变体，并分析该技术在下一个千年的未来发展前景。
The dye sensitized solar cells (DYSC) provides a technically and economically credible alternative concept to present day p-n junction photovoltaic devices. In contrast to the conventional systems where the semiconductor assumes both the task of light absorption and charge carrier transport the two functions are separated here. Light is absorbed by a sensitizer which is anchored to the surface of a wide band gap semiconductor. Charge separation takes place at the interface via photo-induced electron injection from the dye into the conduction band of the solid. Carriers are transported in the conduction band of the semiconductor to the charge collector. The present concepts evolved in the context of research on mesoporous oxide semiconductor films prepared via a sol-gel process. The use of transition metal complexes having a broad absorption band in conjunction with oxide films of nanocrystalline morphology permits to harvest a large fraction of sunlight. Nearly quantitative conversion of incident photons into electric current is achieved over a large spectral range extending over the whole visible region. Overall solar (standard AM 1.5) to electric conversion efficiencies over 10% have been reached. There are good prospects to produce these cells at lower cost than conventional devices. The lecture will present the current state of the field. We shall discuss new concepts of the dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cell (DYSC) including solid heterojunction variants and analyze the perspectives for the future development of the technology into the next millennium.