Decline in working memory updating through ageing: Intrusion error analyses
Decline in working memory updating through ageing: Intrusion error analyses
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DOI：
10.1080/09658210244000568
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Palladino, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Beni, R;Palladino, P
目前的研究考察了随着年龄的增长工作记忆更新的下降。两个实验比较了不同年龄组的参与者（年轻-老年，55-65岁，老年，66-75岁和老年，75岁以上，以及仅在实验2中，年轻，20-30岁）。他们执行了记忆更新任务，要求参与者记住每个列表中最小的项目。为了正确地完成任务，参与者必须有效地更新信息，减少不再相关的项目的干扰。入侵错误被计算，在第一个实验中，这些错误被描述为“不相关项目的入侵”（立即排除）和“曾经相关项目的入侵”（延迟排除）。老年人在记忆更新方面表现较差，对一次性相关信息的入侵错误较多。在第二个实验中，结果表明，记忆负荷（必须记住的项目数量）和更新需求（潜在相关项目的数量）的增加会损害性能。当任务要求增加时，老年人有更大的困难。此外，它们产生了更多的入侵错误，特别是当更新需求增加时。因此，似乎老年人在通过排除无关信息来更新工作记忆中的信息方面存在特殊困难。
The present research examines the decline in working memory updating through age. Two experiments compared groups of participants in different age ranges ( young-old , 55-65 years, old , 66-75 years and old-old , more than 75 years and, in Experiment 2 only, young , 20-30 years). Memory updating tasks were administered, which required participants to remember the smallest items in each list. To perform the task correctly, participants had to update information efficiently, reducing interference from items no longer relevant. Intrusion errors were computed and in the first experiment these were described as "intrusions of irrelevant items" (immediate exclusion) and "intrusions of once relevant items" (delayed exclusion). The oldest adults performed worse in memory updating and made a greater number of intrusion errors of once relevant information. In the second experiment results showed that increases in memory load (number of items that had to be remembered) and updating demand (number of potentially relevant items) impaired performance. The oldest adults had greater difficulty when the task demand was increased. Furthermore, they produced a higher number of intrusion errors, particularly when the updating demand was increased. It therefore appears that elderly people have specific difficulty in updating information in working memory by excluding irrelevant information.