Early cognitive experience prevents adult deficits in a neurodevelopmental schizophrenia model.

Early cognitive experience prevents adult deficits in a neurodevelopmental schizophrenia model.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2012.06.016
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发表时间:
2012-08-23
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Fenton AA
Fenton AA
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee H;Dvorak D;Kao HY;Duffy ÁM;Scharfman HE;Fenton AA

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生命早期获得的大脑异常可能导致精神分裂症,其特征是成年期精神病发作,情感扁平化和认知障碍。认知控制受损等认知症状现在被认为是重要的治疗目标,但促进认知的治疗是无效的。我们假设,在青少年神经可塑性发育期间的认知训练可以调节受损的神经回路,以发展为成人认知服务,并减轻成年期出现的精神分裂症相关认知障碍。我们报道,使用新生儿腹侧海马损伤大鼠(NVHL),一种已建立的精神分裂症神经发育模型,青少年认知训练可以预防NVHL大鼠成年后的认知控制障碍。早期干预还使大脑功能正常化,增强了海马体之间与认知相关的神经振荡的同步性,海马体是衡量大脑功能的指标,反映了认知能力。青春期似乎是一个关键的窗口期,在此期间预防性认知疗法可能有益于有精神分裂症风险的人。
Brain abnormalities acquired early in life may cause schizophrenia, characterized by adulthood onset of psychosis, affective flattening, and cognitive impairments. Cognitive symptoms like impaired cognitive control are now recognized to be important treatment targets but cognition-promoting treatments are ineffective. We hypothesized that cognitive training during the adolescent period of neuroplastic development can tune compromised neural circuits to develop in the service of adult cognition and attenuate schizophrenia-related cognitive impairments that manifest in adulthood. We report, using neonatal ventral hippocampus lesion rats (NVHL), an established neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia, that adolescent cognitive training prevented the adult cognitive control impairment in NVHL rats. The early intervention also normalized brain function, enhancing cognition-associated synchrony of neural oscillations between the hippocampi, a measure of brain function that indexed cognitive ability. Adolescence appears to be a critical window during which prophylactic cognitive therapy may benefit people at risk of schizophrenia.
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