Effects of dietary inulin on bacterial growth, short-chain fatty acid production and hepatic lipid metabolism in gnotobiotic mice
Effects of dietary inulin on bacterial growth, short-chain fatty acid production and hepatic lipid metabolism in gnotobiotic mice
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.03.010
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Klaus, Susanne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weitkunat, Karolin;Schumann, Sara;Klaus, Susanne
在文献中，描述了膳食纤维及其发酵产物短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的矛盾作用：一方面，它们增加饱腹感，但另一方面，它们提供额外的能量并促进肥胖发展。我们的目的是通过研究可发酵和不可发酵纤维对由简化的人类微生物群定殖的gnotobiotic C3 H/HeOuJ小鼠中的高脂肪饮食诱导的肥胖的影响来回答这个悖论。给小鼠喂食补充有10%纤维素（不可发酵）或菊粉（可发酵）的高脂肪饮食6周。与纤维素饮食相比，饲喂菊粉饮食导致饮食消化率增加和粪便能量减少，而食物摄入量没有差异，这表明从菊粉提取的肠道能量增加。然而，我们没有观察到体脂/体重的增加。菊粉饮食提供的额外能量导致该组中细菌增殖增加。补充菊糖导致盲肠和门静脉血浆中总SCFA浓度进一步显著升高，盲肠乙酸盐：丙酸盐比率降低。在饲喂菊粉的动物中，参与脂肪生成（Fasn、Gpam）和脂肪酸延长/去饱和（Scd 1、Elovl 3、Elovl 6、Elovl 5、Fads 1和Fads 2）的基因的肝脏表达降低。因此，血浆和肝脏磷脂组成的不同喂养组之间的变化。在菊糖喂养的小鼠中，omega-3和奇数链脂肪酸的浓度增加，而omega-6脂肪酸减少。综上所述，这些数据表明，在这种短期喂养期间，菊粉对脂质代谢主要具有积极影响，这可能在长期研究中对肥胖发展产生有益影响。(C)2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
In literature, contradictory effects of dietary fibers and their fermentation products, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), are described: On one hand, they increase satiety, but on the other hand, they provide additional energy and promote obesity development. We aimed to answer this paradox by investigating the effects of fermentable and non-fermentable fibers on obesity induced by high-fat diet in gnotobiotic C3H/HeOuJ mice colonized with a simplified human microbiota. Mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented either with 10% cellulose (non-fermentable) or inulin (fermentable) for 6 weeks. Feeding the inulin diet resulted in an increased diet digestibility and reduced feces energy, compared to the cellulose diet with no differences in food intake, suggesting an increased intestinal energy extraction from inulin. However, we observed no increase in body fat/weight The additional energy provided by the inulin diet led to an increased bacterial proliferation in this group. Supplementation of inulin resulted further in significantly elevated concentrations of total SCFA in cecum and portal vein plasma, with a reduced cecal acetate:propionate ratio. Hepatic expression of genes involved in lipogenesis (Fasn, Gpam) and fatty acid elongation/desaturation (Scd1, Elovl3, Elovl6, Elovl5, Fads1 and Fads2) were decreased in inulin-fed animals. Accordingly, plasma and liver phospholipid composition were changed between the different feeding groups. Concentrations of omega-3 and odd-chain fatty acids were increased in inulin-fed mice, whereas omega-6 fatty acids were reduced. Taken together, these data indicate that, during this short-term feeding, inulin has mainly positive effects on the lipid metabolism, which could cause beneficial effects during obesity development in long-term studies. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.