GRAPH-THEORETIC CONFIRMATION OF RESTRUCTURING DURING INSIGHT
GRAPH-THEORETIC CONFIRMATION OF RESTRUCTURING DURING INSIGHT
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00637.x
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发表时间：
1994-03-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
DAYTON, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DURSO, FT;REA, CB;DAYTON, T
有时在解决问题和科学发现中观察到的“灵光一闪”被认为是由于对问题情境的突然认知重构。如果没有确定认知结构的独立程序，就很难直接确认结构重组。图表结构是由有洞察力的受试者和几个没有或不能有洞察力的小组对概念相关性的判断得出的。解题者的图表与那些尝试但失败的受试者、那些听取解题者意见的受试者和那些得到答案的受试者的图表不同。当其他实验对象在随后的实验中反复判断成对概念的相似性时，有证据表明，那些对新认知秩序至关重要的连接早在令人惊叹的认知重组发生之前就已经被瞄准了。
The ''flash of insight'' sometimes observed in problem solving and in scientific discovery has been thought to be due to a sudden cognitive restructuring of the problem situation. Direct confirmation of restructuring has been difficult without an independent procedure for determining cognitive structure. Graph structures were derived from judgments of concept relatedness made by subjects who had an insight and by several groups who either did not or could not have the insight. The graphs of the solvers differed from the graphs of subjects who tried and failed, those who listened to the solvers, and those who were given the solution. When other subjects in a subsequent experiment repeatedly judged similarity of pairs of concepts, there was evidence that those connections critical to the new cognitive order were targeted long before there was the breathtaking cognitive reorganization.