Promoting Seismic Retrofit Implementation Through "Nudge": Using Warranty as a Driver
Promoting Seismic Retrofit Implementation Through "Nudge": Using Warranty as a Driver
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DOI：
10.1111/risa.12086
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Tatano, Hirokazu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujimi, Toshio;Tatano, Hirokazu
本文提出了一种新型的保修政策，适用于推动的概念开发的Thaler和桑斯坦，以鼓励业主在日本实施抗震改造。众所周知，房主通过减少损失措施来适应自然灾害是不够的。为了鼓励积极的风险管理，助推方法利用了选择架构如何影响人类决策倾向。例如，人们倾向于将更多的价值放在消费品的保修上，而不是精算价值。这篇文章提出了一个保证抗震改造作为一个推动政策，使业主采取减少损失的措施的激励。根据这种合同，如果房主实施抗震改造，政府将保证房屋在地震损坏时的所有维修费用。为了估计保修将在多大程度上增加抗震改造的感知价值，我们使用了1,200名房主的实地调查数据。我们的研究结果表明，保修增加了33%的平均抗震改造的感知价值，近似的成本效益分析表明，这样的保修可以更经济有效的事前补贴。此外，我们解决了标准的预期效用模型的失败，以解释业主的决定的基础上，保修评估，并探讨了显着影响的模糊性厌恶效果的抗震改造和非分析因素，如感情或信任。
This article proposes a new type of warranty policy that applies the nudge concept developed by Thaler and Sunstein to encourage homeowners in Japan to implement seismic retrofitting. Homeowner adaptation to natural disasters through loss reduction measures is known to be inadequate. To encourage proactive risk management, the nudge approach capitalizes on how choice architecture can influence human decision-making tendencies. For example, people tend to place more value on a warranty for consumer goods than on actuarial value. This article proposes a warranty for seismic retrofitting as a nudge policy that gives homeowners the incentive to adopt loss reduction measures. Under such a contract, the government guarantees all repair costs in the event of earthquake damage to the house if the homeowner implements seismic retrofitting. To estimate the degree to which a warranty will increase the perceived value of seismic retrofitting, we use field survey data from 1,200 homeowners. Our results show that a warranty increases the perceived value of seismic retrofitting by an average of 33%, and an approximate cost-benefit analysis indicates that such a warranty can be more economically efficient than an ex ante subsidy. Furthermore, we address the failure of the standard expected utility model to explain homeowners' decisions based on warranty evaluation, and explore the significant influence of ambiguity aversion on the efficacy of seismic retrofitting and nonanalytical factors such as feelings or trust.