Transition-state destabilization reveals how human DNA polymerase β proceeds across the chemically unstable lesion N7-methylguanine.

Transition-state destabilization reveals how human DNA polymerase β proceeds across the chemically unstable lesion N7-methylguanine.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gku554
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发表时间:
2014-07
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Lee S
Lee S
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Koag MC;Kou Y;Ouzon-Shubeita H;Lee S

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N7-甲基-2 ′-脱氧鸟苷(m7 dG)是甲基化剂形成的主要损伤。由于m7 dG的化学不稳定性,系统研究m7 dG对DNA复制的影响一直很困难。为了深入了解m7 dG效应,我们采用了2′-氟介导的过渡态去稳定化策略。具体来说,我们确定了dCTP插入相对于化学稳定的m7 dG类似物,2′-氟-m7 dG(Fm 7 dG),通过人类DNA聚合酶β(polβ)的动力学参数,并解决了polβ与模板Fm 7 dG与传入的dCTP或dTTP类似物配对的复合物的三个X射线结构。动力学研究表明,模板Fm 7 dG使polβ催化减慢约300倍,表明基因组DNA中的m7 dG可能阻碍某些DNA聚合酶的复制。结构分析表明,Fm 7 dG与dCTP形成了典型的Watson-Crick碱基对,但金属离子配位对于polβ-Fm 7 dG:dCTP复合物中的催化而言是次优的,这部分解释了polβ相对于Fm 7 dG缓慢插入dCTP。此外,polβ-Fm 7 dG:dTTP结构显示开放的蛋白质构象和交错的碱基对构象,表明dG的N7-甲基化不促进前诱变复制。总的来说,关于m7 dG对DNA复制的影响的第一个系统性研究表明,m7 dG上的polβ催化是缓慢的,但高度准确。
N7-Methyl-2′-deoxyguanosine (m7dG) is the predominant lesion formed by methylating agents. A systematic investigation on the effect of m7dG on DNA replication has been difficult due to the chemical instability of m7dG. To gain insights into the m7dG effect, we employed a 2′-fluorine-mediated transition-state destabilzation strategy. Specifically, we determined kinetic parameters for dCTP insertion opposite a chemically stable m7dG analogue, 2′-fluoro-m7dG (Fm7dG), by human DNA polymerase β (polβ) and solved three X-ray structures of polβ in complex with the templating Fm7dG paired with incoming dCTP or dTTP analogues. The kinetic studies reveal that the templating Fm7dG slows polβ catalysis ∼300-fold, suggesting that m7dG in genomic DNA may impede replication by some DNA polymerases. The structural analysis reveals that Fm7dG forms a canonical Watson–Crick base pair with dCTP, but metal ion coordination is suboptimal for catalysis in the polβ-Fm7dG:dCTP complex, which partially explains the slow insertion of dCTP opposite Fm7dG by polβ. In addition, the polβ-Fm7dG:dTTP structure shows open protein conformations and staggered base pair conformations, indicating that N7-methylation of dG does not promote a promutagenic replication. Overall, the first systematic studies on the effect of m7dG on DNA replication reveal that polβ catalysis across m7dG is slow, yet highly accurate.
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