The Role of Detoxification Enzymes in the Adaptation of the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae (Giles; Diptera: Culicidae) to Polluted Water.
The Role of Detoxification Enzymes in the Adaptation of the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae (Giles; Diptera: Culicidae) to Polluted Water.
复制标题
解毒酶在主要疟疾病媒冈比亚按蚊（Giles；双翅目：蚊科）对污染水的适应中的作用。
DOI：
10.1093/jme/tjx164
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
de Souza DK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
King SA;Onayifeke B;Akorli J;Sibomana I;Chabi J;Manful-Gwira T;Dadzie S;Suzuki T;Wilson MD;Boakye DA;de Souza DK
撒哈拉以南非洲的主要疟疾病媒冈比亚按蚊（按蚊属;双翅目：蚊科）通常在清洁水源中繁殖。然而，有证据表明按蚊物种正在适应城市环境中受污染的繁殖栖息地。本研究的目的是了解适应不同的质量，在城市阿克拉，加纳五个选定的蚊子繁殖地点的水体繁殖。还对研究地点进行了卫生组织水质参数评价，作为污染和杀虫剂残留的衡量标准。采用定量RT-PCR方法检测了5个基因：CYP 6P 3、CYP 4 H19、CYP 4 H24、GSTD 1 -4和ABCC 11（与杀虫剂解毒相关），以及单加氧酶、α酯酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和不敏感乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）。实验室饲养的杀虫剂。gambiaeKisumu菌株在污染最严重的水源中繁殖10代，并对相同的基因和酶进行评价。结果表明，与成虫相比，这些基因在幼虫中的表达倍数较高。结果还表明，解毒酶可能参与了适应的An。冈比亚被污染的养殖场。相关分析表明，钙水平与5个基因均呈显著正相关（P< 0.05）。逐步线性回归，以了解哪些变量预测基因的表达，显示硫酸盐是负责ABCC 11和CYP 4 H24，碱性GSTD 1 -4，钙CYP 4 H19和CYP 6P 3。这种适应的详细遗传基础需要进一步研究。对这种适应的进一步了解可能为控制适应污染养殖水源的疟疾和其他病媒提供前景。
The main malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa, theAnopheles gambiae(Giles; Diptera: Culicidae), normally breed in clean water sources. However, evidence suggests an on-going adaptation of Anopheline species to polluted breeding habitats in urban settings. This study aimed at understanding the adaptation to breeding in water bodies with different qualities, in five selected mosquito breeding sites in urban Accra, Ghana. The study sites were also evaluated for the WHO water-quality parameters as a measure of pollution, and insecticide residues. Field mosquitoes were evaluated for five genes;CYP6P3,CYP4H19,CYP4H24,GSTD1-4, andABCC11—associated with insecticide detoxification—using quantitative RT-PCR, as well as Mono-oxygenase, Alpha Esterase, GlutathioneS-transferase, and insensitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using biochemical enzyme assays. The lab-reared, insecticide susceptibleAn. gambiaeKisumu strain was bred in the most polluted water source for 10 generations and evaluated for the same genes and enzymes. The results revealed that the fold expression of the genes was higher in the larvae compared with the adults. The results also suggest that detoxification enzymes could be involved in the adaptation ofAn. gambiaeto polluted breeding sites. Correlation analysis revealed a highly positive significant correlation between calcium levels and all five genes (P< 0.05). Stepwise linear regression to understand which of the variables predicted the expression of the genes revealed that sulphate was responsible forABCC11andCYP4H24, alkalinity forGSTD1-4, and calcium forCYP4H19and CYP6P3. The detailed genetic basis of this adaptation need to be further investigated. A further understanding of this adaptation may provide outlooks for controlling malaria and other disease vectors adapted to polluted breeding water sources.