Mandatory vaccination in Italy: Time for engagement of immunologists
Mandatory vaccination in Italy: Time for engagement of immunologists
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DOI：
10.1002/eji.201870016
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发表时间：
2018-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
A. Mantovani;A. Santoni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Mantovani;A. Santoni
疫苗是最有效的健康干预措施，据估计，从2010年到2020年，疫苗将在10年内挽救约2500万人的死亡，相当于每分钟挽救5条生命[1]。疫苗接种在预期寿命从40岁增加到80岁以上的史无前例的增长中发挥了重要作用，发达国家在100年内就出现了这种情况。要了解小儿麻痹症或其他传染病在西方富裕世界的戏剧性，人们必须求助于文学，例如菲利普·罗斯的小说《复仇女神》。尽管疫苗对人类健康产生了巨大的影响，在理解疫苗接种的免疫学和潜在的疫苗接种策略方面也取得了进展，最近《欧洲免疫学杂志》[2-5]的评论[2-5]证明了这一点，其中包括本期杂志[6]上的一篇评论，可能涉及训练有素的先天免疫[7]，以及针对未得到满足的健康需求的新疫苗的成功开发[7-10]，但在西方富裕国家，怀疑和有时公开的敌意(no-vax运动)已经增长。与此形成鲜明对比的是，在全球范围内，每6名出生在地球上的儿童中只有1人能够获得完整的疫苗接种方案[11，12]。意大利最近重新引入了强制接种疫苗作为上学的要求，在此之前，加利福尼亚州[13]和美国其他州也做出了类似的决定，法国紧随其后，这为反思这一明显的悖论提供了机会。
Vaccines are the most effective health intervention and it has been estimated that they will save approximately 25 million deaths over 10 years from 2010 to 2020, which is equivalent to five lives saved /minute [1]. Vaccination has played a major role in the unprecedented increase in life expectancy, from 40 to over 80 years, which has occurred in developed countries in 100 years. To have a sense of the drama of polio or other infectious diseases in the western wealthy world, one has to resort to literature, for instance the novel Nemesis by Philip Roth. In spite of the dramatic impact of vaccines on human health and of progress made in understanding the immunology of vaccination and potential vaccination strategies as evidenced by recent reviews in the European Journal of Immunology [2–5] including one in this issue of the Journal [6], possibly involving trained innate immunity [7], and the successful development of new vaccines addressing unmet health needs [7–10], skepticism and sometimes overt hostility (the no-vax movement) have grown in western opulent countries. In sharp contrast, at a global level only one out of 6 children born on the planet has access to the full vaccine repertoire [11, 12]. The recent reintroduction of mandatory vaccination in Italy as a requirement to be able to attend school, preceeded by similar decisions in California [13] and other states in the USA, and followed by France, offers a chance for reflection on this apparent paradox.